
Cfass 
Book 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 




VtKY EDITION HhVlbhU lU UA 1 1. 

OTHER GUIDES 2 TO 8 YEARS BEHIND. 

f- f + -+ T -t -f- 4 --t- -+- -f- 4-h -f- -f- + + + 4- 4- 4- 4- + 4- + 4-h -f- 4- -f + 4- - 



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IIIIXI22XX2XXXIX2IXIXZXIXIX2XXX22XX2XiLiij 

WASHINGTON 



H 

M 



e' MOUNT VERItfOIff 

ZZXZ'X2ZZ'ZZ-Z2'ZZZ'X£ZZZZ'ZZZXZXXX'XX2Z'ZSZXZ 

WHAT TO SEE 



HOW TO SEE IT. 




4 



A SIGHTSEER'S GUIDE. 



COPIOUSLY ILLUSTRATED WITH 
1^ A Large Map of the City and Surroundings. 
Nj Maps of points of Interest in the vicinity of 
i i public building or locality. 

■i 



Diagrams and £ngra¥ings of Public Buildings. 



N 




WASHINGTON, D. C. 

SX'XZ'XXXXXX'XXX 




LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



UNITED STATES OF AMEEI€A. 



WASHmGTON 

AND MOUNT VERNON, 

WHAT TO SEE, AND HOW TO SEE IT. 



A SIGHTSEER'S GUIDE. 



ously Illustrated by a series of consecutively arranged Route- 

Vlaps, Diagrams, and Engravings, Directing to, Locating, 

Representing and Describing Places, Buildings, 

and Objects of Interest in the Magnificent 

Governing City of the Nation. 



By de B. RANDOLPH KEIM, 

(Washington Corresponaent.) 
.nor of "Keim's Hand-Book of Washington and its Environs," "Keim 's 
Official and Social Etiquette," etc., etc 






THIRTIETH EDITIOli^ ^-^"-^ - 






The Text of this Guide is revised to date. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. : 

COPYRIGHT 1893, BY DE B.. RANDOLPH KEIM. 






PRICE, 25 CENTS. 



4 WOSD TO SiGHTSEEIlS. 

This small guide to the National Capitol is the best published, because 
it is kept revised, to date, in the body of the book and not only on the title 
page. It is also the most conveniently arranged, having in addition to other 
features, a reference index to the contents of the work. It also has illustra- 
tions and descriptions of the latest objects of interest not found in other works. 

Strangers in the city would do well to examine for themselves, and get a 
description of the capital and its places of interest as they exist to-day, and 
as they will be two or three years hence, and not a^ they were three or four 
years ago. 

GENERAL INFORMATION. 

Street Car DiRECT''\RY. — The street railway system of Washington is 
one of the finest in the country; it affords facilities for reaching or passing, 
within easy distance, every portion of the city and every object of interest. 
With the use of the map in this guide, every place of interest can be located. 
Fare, 5 cents, 6 tickets for 25 cents. Good on all lines. 

The Washington and Georgetown Railroad extends from West Wash- 
ington or Georgetown, south-easterly acioss the city, passing through the 
business portions, by the Washington Aqueduct, Statue of Washington, State 
War and Navy Departm ents, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Executive Mansion, 
Statues of Lafayette and Jackson, Departments of Justice, and the Treasury; 
New City PostOffice, Statue of Rawlins, Franklin, Centre Market, and Na- 
tional Guard Armory, Pa. R. R. Station, Botanic Garden, Naval Monument, 
the Capitol, Grand Stairway, and Statue of Marshal', Statue of Garfield, 
House Wing of the Capitol, Coast Survey, National Library Building, and 
Marine Barracks to the Naval Arsenal gate; distance 5 miles. 

Branch 1 ines.— Exchange tickets given; G and 15th Streets, N. W.> 
running north on 14th Street, pctssing Thomas and Luther Statues to Bound- 
ary, distance i '^ miles; thenc^e 15:.' Mount Pleasant and northern suburbs, 
1% miles, every ten minutes, no extra fare. 

At 7th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue exchange tickets given, extends 
northward, passing the Departments of the Post Office and Interior (Patent 
Office,) to Boundary, distance 2 miles. Southward from Pennsylvania Avenue, 
passing the National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, the Statue of Henry, 
Medical Museum, and Station, Fish Commission to the wharves of the Mount 
Vernon, Alexandria, and River and Chesapeake Bay Steamers, distance i^ 
miles. The cable system is in use on this line. 

Metropolitan Railroad extends from West Washington near George 
town College and High Service Reservoir, going east, passes near Oak Hil- 
Cemetery, Statue of Dupont, through the *'Wesi End," by the British Lega- 
tion, Statutes of Farragut, Jackson, McPherson, (near) Department of the In_ 
terior, (Patent Office,) General Post Office, Pension Building, Court House' 
Baltimore and Ohio R. R., the Capitol, Senate Wing, Naiional Library' 
Statue of Green (near) to Lincoln Park and Emancipation Statue, distance, 4^' 
miles. 

2 (Continued on page 6.) 



TABLE OF REFERENCES AND INDEX. 



NAME. 



LOCATION. 



NEAREST 
STREET CARS. 



Agriculture, Dept. of 

Alexandria 

Amusements, Places 

Aqueduct, Washington . . . 
Arlington and Cemetery. . . 
Army, Headquarters of. . . 
Armory, W, L. Infantry . . 
National Rifles. . . 

Asylum, Washington 

Barracks, Washington 

Barracks, Marine. 

Bartholdi Fountain 

Battle Cemetery 

Boat Houses 

Botanic Garden 

British Legation 

Cabin-John Bridge 

Capitol, The 

Catholic University 

Chain Bridge 

Chesapeake & Ohio Canal . 

Churches . . 

Clubs 

Coast & Geodetic Survey.. 

Columbian University 

Congressional Cemetery. . . 

Convent of Visitation 

Corcoran Gallery of Art . . 

Court of Claims 

Court House, U. S 

Daguerre Memorial 

Deaf Mute Asyl'm&Coll'ge 

Dupont, Statue of 

Emancipation, Statue of. . . 
Engraving & Printing Bur. 

Executive Mansion 

Falls of Potomac 

Farragut, Statue of 

Fish Ponds, U. S 

Fish Commission Station. . 

Fort Myer 

Fort Stevens 

Franklin Statue 

Garfield Statue 

Garfield Hospital 

Georgetown 



The Mall 

Virginia 

Directory 

Rock Creek 

Virginia 

War Dept 

i5th& E Sts 

G bet. 9th & loth 

C & 19th sts., s. e 

Ft. 4^ St. w 

8 bet. G & I, s.e. .... 

Botanic Garden 

7th St. Road 



Pa. Ave & 3 St 

Conn. Av. & N St 

Maryland 

Capitol Park 

N and 4th sts. n. e. 

Maryland 

W. Washington 

Stranger's Directory... 

Directory 

N. J. Ave., s. e 

15th & H sts 

i8th & E sts., s. e 

35th & Psts 

1 7th & Pa. Ave 

Dept. of Justice 

Judiciary S(|uare 

N^ational Museum . 

E end M st., n 

Conn. Ave. & P st 

E. Cap. & nth sts ... 

15th & B sts. s. w 

Pre's. Grounds 

Maryland and Virginia. 

Conn. Ave. & I st 

S. of Pres. Park 

6 and B sts. s. w 

Virginia 

7th St. Road 

loth and D sts 

Penna. Ave 

N.end nth st 

W. W ashington 



41 

68 

79 
67 
67 
33 
38 
56 
53 
49 
52 
27 

65 
76 

27 

59 
66 

9 

66 
66 

59 
80 
80 

58 
53 
59 
34 
36 
55 
44 
64 
59 
54 
41 
29 
66 

5^ 
38 
48 

67 
66 

52 
27 
62 
60 



Belt Line. 
7th St. Ferry. 

W. & G. R. R. 

W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G R. R. 
Met. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
9 &7st. branch. 
W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R, 

7th St. p:xt'd. 

W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 
Aqueduct Rd. 
W. & G. R. R. 
E «&S. H.R.R. 
River Road. 
W. & G. R. R. 



W. & G. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 
W. & (;. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 
W. & (;. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 
7th St. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 
Belt Line. 
W. & G. R. R. 
Aqueduct Rd. 
Met. R. R. 
Bell Line. 
V\. .S: {\. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 

W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
14111 St. Cars. 
W. cS: G. R. R. 



TABLE OF REFERENCES AND INDEX. 



NAME. 



Georgetown College 

Glen Echo 

Glenwood Ceme ery 

Gov't Printing Office 

(jrand Army Place 

Grand Stairway 

Grasslands 

Green, Slatue of 

Gun Foundry 

Hack Rates 

Henry, Statue of 

I ligh School 

High Service Reservoir... 
I lospitals and Asylums . . . 

Howard University 

Hotels, Fiats, &c. 

House of Representatives. 

Insane Asylum 

Interior, Department of. . . 

Jackson, Statue of 

Jail, U. S 

Judiciary Square 

Justice, Dept. of 

Lafayette Square 

Lafayette statue 

Library of Congress 

Library, National 

Lincoln Column 

Lincoln Statue 

Logan Statue and Grave.. 

Long Bridge. 

Louise Home 

Luther, Statue of 

Mall 

Market, Central 

Marshall, Statue of 

Masonic Temple 

McPherson, Statue of. 

Medical Museum Army 

Methodist University 

MetropoHtan Club 

Money Order Office 

Monument of Peace 

Mt. Olivet Cemetery 

.VI t. Pleasant 

Mt. Vernon 

Mt. Vernon Avenue 

National Military Cemetery 
National Museum I 



LOCATION. 



W. end2ndst. W. W... 

Conduit Road, Md 

N. end N. Cap. st 

N. Cap. & H ss 

S. of Ex. Mansion 

The Capitol 

Rockville Pike 

C & 5 sts., n. e 

See Navy Yard, 

Strangers' Directory . .. 
Smithsonian Grounds . . 

bet. 6th & 7th sts 

High & 8th sts. W.W.. 

Ste Maps 

7th St. Road 

Stranger's Directory 

The Capitol 

District 

F bet. 7th & 9th sts 

Lafayette Square 

19th, bet. B & C, s. e... 
Between D & G 4 & 5 Sts, 

Pa. Av. & is'A St 

Pa. Ave. 15 K & i6>^-- 
Pa. Ave. 15^ & i6>^ .. 
The Capitol 

1 & 2 K. Cap. & B sts. E 

S. of U. S. C. H 

Lincoln Park 

13 & Psts Nat.& Mil.Cem. 

Foot of 14th st 

Mass. Ave. & 15th 

Vt. Ave. & 14th st 

B N. and B S. sts 



-(V. of Capitol 

9h &Fsts 

\^t Ave. & 15th St. 
B and 7 St., S. E. .. 
Tenallytown Road. 

1 7th and H sts 

8& E sts... 

Naval Monument,. 



14th St. Cars Ext'ed... 
See Wharves & RRds. 



District . 
The Mall. 



59 
66 

65 
63 
3« 
26 

65 
55 
50 
79 
44 
56 
59 

26 
80 
24 
67 
57 
35 
53 
55 
35 
35 
35 
17 
27 

55 
54 
65 
41 



62 
18 
48 
26 
62 
58 
47 
65 
27 

58 
26 
64 

65 
70 
69 
65 

44 



NEAREST 
STREET CARS. 



Met. R. R. 
G.&T.E R.R. 

Columbia R.R. 
W. & G. R. R. 



Met. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 

7th St. R. R. 
Belt Line. 
Met. R. R. 

7th St. Ext'd. 

Anacostia Rd. 

Anacostia Rd. 

Met. & 7 St. R.R. 
I W. & G. R. R. 

v\ . & G. R. R. 

Met. R. R. 
i W. & G R. R. 
i W. & G. R. R. 

W. & G. R. R. 

W. & G & Met. 

Met. R. R. 

Met. R. R. 

Sii. Spr'gR.R. 

Belt Line. 
. 14th St. R. R. 

14th St. R. R. 

7th St. Branch 
j W. & G. R. R. 

W. & G. R. R. 

Met. R. R. 

Met. R. R. 

Met. R. R. 

G. &T R R. 

Met. R. R. 

Met. R. R. 

W. & G. R. R. 

Columbia R.R. 

District. 



Sil. Spr'g R R. 
Belt Lme. 



TABLE OF REFERENCES AND INDEX. 



Naval Hospital 

Naval Monument 

Navy, Dept. of the 

N avy Yard 

Oak Hill Cemetery 

Oak View. . 

Observatory, Naval 

Odd-Fellows' Hall 

Opera Houses 

Patent Office 

Pension Building 

Phto. Office, Treas. Dept. . 

Post-Office, City 

Post-Office, General 

Potomac Marshes 

Propagating Garden 

Railroad Stations 

Rawlins, Statue of 

Reform School 

Representatives, House of 

Reservoir 

Rock Creek Church 

Rock Creek Park 

Schools 

Scott, Statue of. 

Senate Chamber and Wing 

Sewer, Tiber 

Sheridan Statue and Grave 

Signal Office, U. S 

Smithsonian Insti ution 

Soldiers' Home 

State, Dept. of 

Stairway, Grand 

Socieiies 

Statistics, Bureau of 

Statuary Hall 

Steamers 

Street Cars 

Suburban Excursions 

Supreme Court of U. S 

' errace. Marble 

Theatres 

Thomas, Statue of. 

Treasury, Dept. of 

War, Dept. of. 

Washington, Description of 
Washington Monument... 



LOCATION. 



Pa. Av. & 9th St., s. e. . . 

Pa. Ave. & I St 

S. W. &N. B'dg 

Ft. of 8th St., s. e 

N. end 30th st. W.W... 

Rockville Pike 

23d & E sts 

7th bet. D & E sts 

Stranger's Directorv 

Bet. F, G, 7th & 9th sts. 

G, bet. 4th & 5th sts 

S. of Treasurv 

G,6th,7th&nth,N.W. 
Bet. E, F, 7th & 8th sts. 

See Map 

15th &B sts. s. w 

Stranger's Directory. — 
Penna. Av. & 9th st 



The Capitol. 



District 

District 

See Map 

i6th & N sts 
The Capitol. 



In hand — Arlington . . . 
G, bet. 17th &i8th sts. 

The Mall 

District 

17th St. & N. Y. Ave. . 

The Capitol 

Stranger's Directory.. . 

15th nr. D sts 1 ... 

The Capitol 

Stranger's Directory... 

See Map 

Electric Railv^rays 

The Capitol 

The Capitol 

Stranger's Directory.. . 

14th & M sts 

15th St. & Pa. Ave 

T7th St. & Pa. Ave 



S. of President's Park. 



PAGE. 



53 
26 

33 
50 
59 
65 
61,66 



7f 

58 
57 
37 
53 
58 

41 
78 
52 
64 
24 
59.65 
65 
66 

59 
20 



67 

72 

44 
65 
32 
26 

79 



24 

79 

2 

68 

17,18 

26 

72 

62 

36 

?>?> 

7 

38 



NEAREST 
STREET CARS. 

W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R R. 
Met. R. R. 

W^ & G. R. R. 

7th St. R. R. 

Met. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 
W. 81 G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 

Belt Line. 

W. & G. R. R. 
Columbia R. R. 



Met. R. R. 

A. & P. R. R. 

W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
Sil. Spr'gR.R. 
W. & G. R. R. 

W. & G. R. R. 

See Map V. 



14th St. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 

W. & G. R. R. 



tABLE OF REF£RENC£S AND InDeX. 



LOCATION. 



NEAREST 
STREET CARS. 



Washington, Statue of.... 

Washington, Statue of 

Washington, West 

Wayland Seminary 

Wharves, Washington 

Wharves, W. Washington . 

White liouse 

Work 1 J ouse 

Y. M. C. A 

Zoological Park 



24th St. & Pa. Ave. 
Capitol Grounds 



Pa. Ave. & 1 6th St 

19th & Ests., s. e 

N. Y. Ave. nr. 14th st. 



W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
14th St. R. R. 
All R. R.'s. 
W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
W. & G. R. R. 
Met. R. R. 



(Continued from page 2.) 

l^KANCii Lines. — Exchange tickets given at 9th and F Streets, extends 
northward, passing the Patent Office, to Boundary at the N. end of 7th Street, 
distance 1%. miles. Connects there with Silver Springs branch, passing 
Howard University and Distributing Reservoir, Soldiers Home. Running 
south from F Street, this branch passes Centre Market, Baltimore and 
Potomac (Pennsylvania) R. R., to the gate of the Washington Barracks, 2%. 
miles, foot of 4^^ St, W. Exchange tickets given at 9th St., and New 
York Ave., W. See Columbia R. R. 

Columbia Railroad. — From 15th Street and New York Avenue, going 
east, passes the Government Printing Ofhce, near the Deaf Mute College, 
and ends at the Baltimore Turnpike, distance 2 miles. Exchange tickets given 
on Metropolitan line at 9th St. 

North Capitol and O Street, (Belt Line.) — Railroad starts on Mary- 
land Avenue at 4)^ and makes an enjoyable circuit of the heart of the city, 
passing various points of interest, returning to place of beginning. (See map. ) 

A branch line runs along the wharves, passing the Bureau of Engraving 
and Printing, near the Department of Agriculture, Washington Monument, 
and Centre Market. 

The Eckington and Soldiers Home (Electric) Railroad. — Starting 
on New York Avenue at 7th Street, it passes near Glenwood Cemetery, 
through Eckington to Soldiers Home and Catholic University. A line ex- 
tends from 15th on G '^treet opposite ihe Treasury Department to main 
line at 5th Street W. and New York Ave. (See Suburban Routes, p. 68.) 

Washington and Anacostia R. R. — Starting at B and 9th Sts., N. W., 
at Centre Market, g :)ing east passes Baltimore and Potomac R. R. station, 
Botanic Garden, Garfield Park, U. S. Marine Barracks (nth and G Sts , S. 
E. Exchange to Congressional Cemetery, Asylum, etc., every 10 min.), 
across Anacostia or Eastern Branch of the Potomac to Anacostia. On re- 
turn exchange at nth and M Sts., S. E., every 12 min., and pass U. S. 
Navy Yard and Arsenal, continuing to Potomac wharves. Exchanges at 3d 
and Maryland Ave., N. W., with "Belt" Line, and at nth and G Sts., N. 
W., with Eckington and Soldiers' Home El. Ry. Fare, 5 cents. (See Su- 
burban Routes, p. 68. 

Hkkdic Cabs are run to any part of the city. Fare, 25 cents, within I 
mile; 75 cents per hour for one passenger; $i per hour for more than one. 
(Continued on page 70.) 






tfEORGE WASHINGTON, First President of the United States, on 
rjuly 16, 1790, approved the act of Congress establishing the permanent 
[^seat of Government of the U. S. on the banks of the Potomac, and by 
proclamation of Jan. 24, 1791, directed the Commissioners, appointed to 
superintend the building of the city, to run the experimental lines of the 
Federal District. On March 30, a proclamation by The President defined 
the permanent lines, the corner stone of which was planted with appropriate 
ceremonies on April 15, following. 




THE CAPITOL. 



The City of Washington, the Capital of the United States of America, 
is situated on the left or Eastern bank of the Potomac River, at ihe conflu 
ence of the Anacostia or Eastern branch of that stream, io6|^ miles from 
the Chesapeake Bay, and 185 miles from the ocean. The latitude of Wash 
ington (Naval Observatory) is 38° 53' 38" 8 N., and longitude 77° 3' i' 
35 W. of Greenwich. The area of the city is 611 1 a.; namely, looi a. ave 
nues and streets ; 150 a. pavements; 790 a. public reservations and parks, 
and 41 70 a. squares occupied by residences and business places. 



THE CAPITOL AND VICINITY. 



CAPITOL AND VICINITY. 




OVIL I 



B. Garfield Statue. A. s. National Library Building. 



THE CAPITOL STATUE OF WASHINGTON. 



Its Government under the Act of 18741$ managed by three Commissioners 
appointed by the President. The area of the District of Cohimbia is 65 s. m. 
since the retrocession to Virginia in 1846. The poptclaticn is 260,000 the City 
representing 220 000, 



THE CAPITOL. 




The Capitol occupies a lofty seat on the Western 

edge of the plateau of Capitol hill, 89^^' above mean 

low water in the Potomac, and overlooking the Wes- 
tern, or official, busine'-s and fashionable quarter of 

the city. The surrounding Park comprises 51)^ a, 

artistically laid out under the direction of Fred Taw 

01m stead, landscape architect. A marble terrace and 

grand stairway erected on the N., W. and S. greatly 

add to the imposing appearance of the structure. The ' 

building is 75i'x324', including porticos, the principal 

front being on the E. The ground plan covers about 

2,%. a. It is of the Corinthian order, with a rustic 

sub-basement, basement principal, and attic stories. 

The original building, of Potomac Aquia Creek free 

stone, was commenced in 1793, and the N. and S. 

wings were finished in 1813. The interior was de- 
stroyed in i8i4and rebuilt 181 5-' 19 It was extended 

by the addition of the marble wings in 1851, which 

were occupied, the S. by the House cf Representatives statue of freedom 

in 1857, and N. by the Senate i'l 1859, work, however, was continued tor 12 
years longer. The present Dome of iron, 
erected i856-'63, is 288' from the ground-line 
to the top of the statue of America, and 135^' 
in diameter. Cost, $1,000,000. 

The Statice of Amej'ica, by Crawford, which 
surmounts the dome, is 19^' high, was placed 
in position in 1863, and cost $24,000. The 
building, to date, cost $15,000,000. (See 
Grand Stairway and Architectural Terrace, 
Page 26.) 

Advancing toward the Capitol from the plaza 
on the east, opposite the central portico stands 
Gieenough's colossal marble Statue of George 
IVashhigtin, erected in its present position in 
1842. Total cost $44,000. 
On the N. blocking of the central port co, is 
J- -"'I' illllllllip^^^^^^^^^^^^ Greenough's marble group, the ^^^/Z?;^^;?/ ^ 

I Z!IZZ^IIir^^" America, erected in 1842, cost $24,000, and 

L||, jiii, aJLii_rzZIIZIZIZ^3!| on the S., Persico's marble Statue of Columbtcs, 

^^^l I I'epresenting the discovery of America, erected 

'^l' J m 1846, cost $24,000. In the typanum of the 

'mjiu__ ttu.-. _-__i^ pediment of the portico is Persico's alto relievo, 

greenough's WASHINGTON. The Genius of America. On the pediment of 




itO 



THE GREAT BRONZE DOOR. 




the Senate portico is Crawford's marble group representing the Progress of 
Civilization in the United States. Cost $46,000. 

Across the Park E. of the House wing is the building of the National 
Library, in course of erection. 

Having taken a careful view of the Capitol from the E., the tourist should 
now enter by the broad steps of the central portico. Upon a platform here 
temporarily erected, during the ceremony of inauguration, the President ot 
the U. S. takes the oath of office in the presence of the people assembled on 
the esplanade in front. Upon reaching the platform of the portico, the tourist 
approaches the j^reat Bronze Door, or Mam Enh'ance to the Capitol. In the 
niches are the statues of Peace and War, by Persico, placed in position in 1832, 
cost $12,000 each. The Bronze Door, by Randolph Rogers, is 9' high, weighs 
20,000 lbs. and cost $28,000, representing events in the life of Columbus. 

Casing: A, Asia; B, Africa; C, Europe; 
D, America 

Panels: I. Columbus before the Council 
of Salamaca. II. Departure of Columbus 
for the Spanish court. HI. At the court of 
Ferdinand and Isabella. IV. Departure of 
Columbus from Palos on his first voyage of 
discovery. V. Columbus landed on the 
Island of San Salvador, VI. Encounter 
with the natives. VII. Triumphal entree 
of Columbus into Barcelona. VIII. Col- 
umbus in chains. IX. The death-bed of 
Columbus. 

I. Alexander VI, Roderigo Lenzoli Bor- 
gia, Pope of Rome. 2. Pedro Gonzales de 
Mendoza, Arch-Bishop of Toledo. 3. Ferd- 
inand, King of Spain. 4 Isabella, Queen 
of Spain. 5. Charles VIII, King of France. 
6. Lady Beatriz de Bobadilla, Marchioness 
of Moya, friend of Columbus. It is said the 
likeness is of Mrs. Rogers, wife of the 
sculptor. 7. John II, King of Portugal, 
who rejected Columbus. 8, Henry VII, 
King of England, appealed to by Bartholo- 
mew Columbus on behalf of his brother. 
9. Juan Perez de Marchena, prior of the 
Convent of La Rabida. 10 Martin Alonzo 
Pinzon, commander of the Pinta. II, Her- 
nando Cortez, conqueror of Mexico. 12. 

Bartholomew Columbus, brother to Chris- ^^^^^^^, ^„ T^r^^xxr^T. ■n>/^«-.T. 
, , Ti- -J ^1, ^*i, 1-1 • r *t- DIAGRAM OF BRONZE DOOR, 

topher. It is said that the hkeness is of the 

sculptor. 13. Alonzo de Ojeda, a companion of Columbus. 14 Vasco Nunez 

de Balboa, discoverer of the Pacific Ocean. 15. Amerigo Vespucci, author of 

the first account of the New World. 16. Francisco Pizarro, conqueror of Peru. 

The head above the lower N. panel represents Washington Irving, and in 
the corresponding position, opposite, W. H. Prescott, historians. 

The tourist now finds liimself within the vast Rotunda of the Capitol, 96' 
m diameter and 180' from the pavement to the canopy. Over the doors are 



A 

c 




15 

13 

— 

9 












16 

J4 

12 

_ 
10 


B 
D 


IV 


2 


1 


VI 












III 


4 


3 


VII 












II 


6 


5 


VIII 












I 


8 


7 


IX 





















ROTUNDA SCULPTURES AND PAINTINGS. 



II 



rude Alto Relievos; E. door, Landing of the Pilgrims, Caucici; W., Poca- 
hontas saving the life of John Smith, Capellano; N., Penn's Treaty with the 
Indians, Gavelot; S., Daniel Boone. Over the panels are busts, also in Alto 
Relievo, of Columbus, Raleigh, Cabot and La Salle. 

In the eight panels are the celebrated historical paintings, as follows : 




The Landing of Columbus, 1492. — John Vanderlyn, 1842; $10,000. 

I, Columbus; 2, Martin Alonzo Pinzon; 3, Vincent Yannez Pinzon; 
4, Rodrigo des Escobedo, notary; 5, Rocri o banchez, inspector; 6, Muti- 
neer in a suppliant attitude; 7, Alonzo de Ojeda; 8, Cabin Boy; 9, Soldier, 
10, Sailor; 11, Friar. The Vessels are the Santa Maria, Pinta and the Nina. 




The Discovery of the Mississippi River by De Soto, 1541. — W. 
Powell, 1850; $12,000. 
I, De Soto; 2, Moorish Servant; 3, Confessor; 4, Young Spanish Cava- 
lier; 5, Cannon dragged up by artillerymen; 6, Men planting the cross; 7, 
Ecclesiastic bearing a censer; 8, An aged priest blessing the cross; 9, A sol- 
dier dressing his wound; 10, Camp chest, with arms, helmets and other im- 
plements of War; ii, A group ot standard bearers and helmetedmen; 12, 
Two young Indian maidens; 13, Indian chiefs bearing pipes of peace. 



I 2 



ROTUNDA PAINTINGS. 




The Baptism of Pocahontas, 1613. — J. G. Chapman, 1836; $10,000. 

I, rocahontas; 2, John Rolfe; 3, Alexander Whiteaker; 4, Sir Thomas 
Dale, Governor; 5, Sister to Pocahontas; 6, Naniequaus, Brother to Poca- 
hontas; 7,Opechancanough; 8, Opachisco, Uncleto Pocaho.itas; 9 Richard 
Wyffin; lo, Stanrard Bearer; II, Mr. and Mrs. Forrest, the first gentle- 
woman who arrived in the colony; 12, Henry Spilman; 13, John and Ann 
Laydon^ first persons married in the country; 14, The Page. 




The Embarkation of the Pilgrims at Delft Haven, Holland, 1620. 
— Robert W. Wier, 1840; $10,000. 
I, WiUiam Robinson, pastor; 2, Elder William Brewster; 3, Mrs, Brew- 
ster and sick child; 4, Governor Carver; 5, William Bradford; 6, Mr. and 
Mrs. White; 7, Mr and Mrs. Wlnslow; 8, Mr. and Mrs. Fuller; 9, Miles 
Standish and his wife Rose; 10, Mrs. Bradford, who fell overboard the day 
the vessel came to anchor; II, Mrs. Carver and child; 12, Captain Reynolds 
and sailor; 13, Boy belonging to the Carver family; 14, Boy in charge of 
Mrs. Winslow; 15, Boy belonging to Mrs. Winslow's family; 16, Nurse. 



ROTUNDA PAINTINGS. 



13 




Signing the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. — John Trum- 
bull, 181 7; $8,000. 
I, George Wythe, of Va.; 2, William Whipple, and 3, Josiah Bartlett, of 
N. H.; 4, Benjamin Harrison, of Va.; 5, Thomas Lynch, of S. C; 6, Rich 
ard Henry Lee, of Va; 7, Samuel Acams, of Mass.; 8, George Clinton, of 
N. Y.; 9, William Paca, and 10, Samuel Chase, of Md.; 11, Lewis Morris, 
and 12, William Floyd, of N. Y.; 13, Arthur Middleton, and 14, Thomas 
Heyward, of S. C; 15, Charles Carroll, of Md.; 16, George Walton, of Ga.; 
17, Robert Morris, 18, Thomas Willing, and 19, Benjamin Rush, of Penn.; 
20, Eldridge Gerry, and 21, Robert Treat Paine, of Mass.; 22, Abraham 
Clark, of N J.; 23, Stephen Hopkins, and 24, William Ellery, of R. L; 25, 
George Clymer, of Penn.; 26, William Hooper, and 27, Joseph Hewes, of 
N. C; 28, James Wilson of Penn.; 29, Francis Hopkinson, of N. J.; 30, John 
Adams, of Mass.; 31, Roger Sherman, of Conn.; 32, Robert L. Livingston, 
of N. Y.; 33, Thomas Jefferson, of Va.; 34, Benjamin Franklin, of Penn.; 
35, Richard Stockton, of N. J ; 36, Francis Lewis, of N. Y,; 37, John With- 
erspoon, of N. J.; 38, Samuel Huntington, 39, William Williams, and 40, 
Oliver Wolcott, of Conn.; 41, John Hancock, of Mass.; 42, Charles Thomp- 
son, of Penn.; and continuing, 43, George Read, of Del.; 44, John Dickinson, 
of Penn.; 45, Edward Rutledge, of S. C; 46, Thomas McKean, of Del.; 47, 
Philip Livingston, of N. Y. 

- ^Myr^./ V 

17 -in O^ J /Z3W^^~^1^' 




The Surrender of Burgoyne at Saratoga, 
bull, 181 7; $8,000, 



M. v., 1777. — John Trum- 



14 



ROTUNDA PAINTINGS. 



?The 3 fig-'Tes in the distance are, i, Maj. Lithgow, of Mass.; 2, Col. Cilly, 
and 3, Gen. Starke, of N. H.; and in the Key, 4, Capt. Seymour, of Conn., 
of Shelden's Horse; 5, Maj. Hull, and 6, Col. Greaton, of Mass.; 7, Maj. 
Dearborn, and 8, Col. Scammell, of N. H.; 9, Col. Lewis, of N. Y., Quar- 
termaster-Gen,; 10, Major-Gen. Phillips, of the British Army; 11, Lieut.- 
Gen. Burgoyne, Commander of the British forces; 12, Gen. Baron Reicesel, 
of the British Army (German); 13, Col, Wilkinson, Dep, Adj. Gen. of the 
American Army; 14, Gen. Gates, Commander of the American forces; 15. 
Col. Prescott, of Mass. Volunteers; 16, Col. Morgan, of the Va. Riflemen; 
17, Brig.-Gen. Rufui Putnam, and 18, Lieut.-Col, Hrooks, of Mass,; 19, Rev, 
Mr. Hitchcock, of R. I., Chaplain; 20, Major Robert Troup, of N. Y., Aid- 
de Camp; 21, Major Haskell, of Mass.; 22, Maj. (after Gen.) Armstrong' 
Aid-de-Camp; 23, Maj -Gen. Phihp Schuyler, of N. Y.; 24, Brig.-Gen. 
Glover, of Mass.; 25, Brig.-Gen. Whipple, of the N, H, Militia; 26, Maj. 
Clarkson, of N. Y. Aid-de-Camp; and 27, Maj. Stevens, of Mass., command- 
ing artillery. 




The Surrender of CoRNWALLis, Oct. 1781. — John Trumbull, 181 7; $8,000. 

The first 2 figures, I, Count Deuxponts; 2, Duke de Laval Montmorency, 
and in the Key, 3, Count Custine, Colonels of French Infantry; 4, Duke de 
Lauzun, Col. of French Cavalry; Gen. Choizy; 6, Viscount Viomeuil; 7, 
Marquis de --t. Simon; 8, Count Fersen, and 9, Count Dumas, Aid-de-Camp 
t") Count Kochambeau; 10, Marquis Chastellux; 11, Baron Viomeuil; 12, 
Count de Barre, and 13, Count de Grasse, Admirals in the French Navy; 
4, Count Rochambeau, Gen-in-Chief of the French forces; 15, Gen. Lincoln, 
American Army; 16, Col. Stevens, American Artillery; 17, Gen. Washmg- 
ton, Commander-in-Chief; 18, Thomas Nelson, Gov. of Va ; 19, Marquis 
Lafayette; 20, Baron Steuben; 21, Col. Cobb, Aid-de-Camp to Gen. Wash- 
ington; 22, Col. Trumbull, Secretary to Washington; 23, Maj.- Gen. Clinton, 
of N. Y.; 24, Gen. Gist, of Md,; 25, Gen. Wayne, of Penn ; 26, Gen. Hand, 
ofPenn,, Adjutant General; 27, Gen. Peter Muhlenburg, of Penn.; 28, Maj.- 
Gen. Knox, Commander of Artilery; and continuing towards the r,, 29, 
Lieut, CoL Huntingdon, acting Aid to Gen Lincoln; 30, Col, Timothy 
Pickering, Quartermaster Gen.; in the Key. 31, Col. Alexander Hamilton, 
commandinpr Light Infantry; 32, Col. Laurens, of S. C; 33, Col. Walter 
§tv^art, of Penn., and 34, Col. I^icholas Fish, of N. Y, 



> THE FRIEZE AND CANOPY OF THE ROTUNDA. 



15 




General Washington Resigning His Commission at Annapolis, Md., 
Dec. 23, 1783.— John Trumbull, 1817; $8,000. 

I, Thos. Mifflin, of Penn., President of Congress; 2, Chas. Thompson, of 
Penn.; 3, Elbridge Gerry, of Mass.; 4, Hugh Williamson, of N. C; 5 
Samuel Osgood, of Mass.; 6, Ed'w McComb, of Del; 7, Geo. Partridge, of 
Mass.; 8, EdV U.oyd, of Md.; 9, R. D. Spaight, of N. C; 10, Benj. Haw- 
kins, of N. C; 1 1, A. Foster, of N. H.; 12, Thomas Jefferson, and 13, 
Arthur Lee, of Va.; 14, Dav. Howell, of R. I.; 15, James Monroe, of Va ; 
16, Jacob Reed, of S. C, all members of Congress; 17, Jas. Madison, of 
Va., spectator; 18, William Ellery, of R. I.; 19, Jerem'ah Townley Chase, 
of Md.; 20, S. Hardy, of Va., and 21, Charles Morris, of Penn., members of 
Congress; 22, General Washington, of Va.; 23, Cols. Walker, and 24, Hum- 
phreys, aids-de camp; 25 and 26, Gens. Smallwood and Williams, and 27 
and 28, Cols. Smith and Howard, of Md.; 29, Charles Car --oil and two daugh- 
ters, of Md.; 30, Mrs. Washington and her three grand-children; and 31, 
Daniel Jenifer of St. Thomas of Md., spectators. 

On the piez-, 300' in circumference and 9' high, beginning over the W, 
door of the Rotunda, are representations in fresco in chiaro oscuro, by Bru- 
midi: I, America and History; 2, Landing of Columbus; 3, Cortez and 
Montezuma; 4, Pizarro invading Peru; 5, Burial of De Soto in the Missis- 
stppi River; 6, Rescue of John Smi h by Pocohontas; 7, Landing of the 
Pilgrims; 8, Penn's Treaty. Executed by Costiggini upon the death of Bru- 
midi. 9, Colonization of New England; 10, Ogelthorpe and Muscogee 
Indians; ii, Battle of Lexington; 12, Reading of the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence; 13, Surrender of (."ow-nwallis at Yorktown; 14, Death of Tecumseh; 
15, Gen. Scott's entree into the City of Mexico. 16, Discovery of gold in Cal- 
ifornia; J 7, Completion of the Pacific lailroad ; 18, First Centennial of Ind- 
ependence at Phih. 

The ( anopy, executed by Brumidi, in fresco, is 65^' in diameter, 180' 
from the pavement of the Rotunda, and cost $50,000. In the centre is por- 
trayed Washington with Freedom on his r. and victory on his 1. The 13 
female figures represent the 13 original States. The Groups on the outer 
zone are: I, The fall of Tyranny; 2, Agriculture; 3, Mechanics; 4, Com- 
merce; 5, Marine; 6, Arts and Sciences. 



i6 



THE PRINCIPAL STORY OF THE CAPITOL. 



The Diagram will direct the visitor to 
pal Story. 



the places of interest on the Princi- 



|bDHflDtJDQdD] 

3 i"I^^A,^A/oc^,rli,JU 



P^ Dil ^ I 5j (u < Ph 
^ «■ O „,- O -o* "5 C ^ a; 




iBBaglsiggi-aigd 



4S-5 d^uTi 



M -S Ji! <u 
P^ _S .^ -^ s- -a Pi< 

. 5 tC^ -S <*- o -§ N 6 w 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS — SURPEME COURT. 



17 






'—, ^ <v .z, 



w 



Leaving the Rotunda by the W. door, the visitor 
reaches the Library of Congress, open from 9. a. m. to 
4 p. m This consists of a central Hall 91^^x34', and 
two wings each 95x293^'' and 38' high. The Library 
now comprises 650,000 volumes and 300,000 pamph- 
lets, and is the largest in the U. S., and 5th in the 
world. It is fire-proof throughout. Returning to the 
Rotunda and passing through the N. door on the 1., 
II leads to the Dome. A few steps beyond is the 
Rootn of the Supreme Court, open to visitors. When 



5 J- g erf 00 § 13 
.2 ^ ^ nd W • rt 



N 



. . c o ^ c 



00 






O 

O S^ 



if] " O t^ > '^ 

c O 






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22 ^ ^3 5 ^- . "S . 






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rt cj 



On t/3 
O fj 



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^^vo i3 ^ ^i.Sc5? 



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the main door is not open enter by the side door, 
from lo'through 19 on Diagram. This room is 75'x45 
and 45' high. On the E. is a screen of Ionic Columns 
of variagated Potomac Marble with Itahan Marble 
Capitals. On consoles on the V . wall aie marble 
busts of the Chief Justices of the U. S. The Sessions 
of the Court begin on the 2d Monday in October and 
last until May. Just before 12 m. is the best time to 
visit the Court Room during the days of sessions. 



i8 



DIAGRAM OF THE SUPREME COURT ROOM. 



The Diagram will show the arrangement of the Justices on the Bench, and 
he Court Olficers and Counsel at the Bar, 




VO j;^ o r^ V- -i=i 

s- O cu ■— , . /-\ <u •'-> 
^ o ^ I — ,g r s M -::< c 



THE GRAND STAIRCASE— SENATE BRONZE DOOR. 



^9 



In the Robing Room, are portraits of Chief 
Justices Jay, Marshall, Chase and Taney, 
The Messenger will admit visitors if the room 
be not occupied. Here the Justices put on 
their robes prior to going on the Bench. Con- 
tinung to the S. corridor and thence turning 
E. to the E corridor, 28 is the Eastern Grand 
Staircase, which leads to the Ladies', Sena- 
tors'cFamily, and Diplomatic Galleries. The 
stairbase is constructed of polished Tennessee 
Marie. At the foot is Power's Statue of 
Benjamin Franklin, of Penn., cost, $10,000. 
Over the landing is Powell's painting of 
Perry's Victory on Lake Ei'ie in 1 8 13, cost, 
$25,000. (See Diagram for Attic Story and 
Galeries.) Thence proceed into the Senate 
Vestibule (30). At the E. end (29) is the 
Senate Bvonzt Door, by Crawford, cost, $50.- 
000, representing: I. Battle of Bunker Hill 
and death of Warren, June, 1776; H. Battle 
of Monmouth, June, 1778, Rebuke of Gen. 
Lee; HL BattleofYorktown, October, 1 781, 
Hamilton's Capture of the Redoubt; IV^. 
Washington's welcome at Trenton, April, 
1789; V. Inauguration of Washington, first 



s 


■7 




^ / 








C. 


^ 


/ N 


I 




IV 


n 


-V 


m 


vr 











SENATE BRONZE DOOR. 




THE SENATE CHAMBER. 



20 THE MARBLE ROOM — .SENATE CHAMBER. 



President, in N. Y. City, April 30, 1789. John Adams, Vice-President, 
stands on his r.; Chancellor Livingston administers the oath, and Mr. Otis, 
Secretary of the Senate, holds the Bible. The remaining figures are Alex- 
ander Hamilton, Gens. Knox and St Clair, Roger Sherman and Baron 
Steuben; VI. Laying of the Corner Stone of the Capitol, Sept. 18, 1793. 
On the N. side of the vestibule is the Senate Ccm. on the District of Colum- 
bia, (32,) beautifully frescoed by Brumidi. Visitors can enter. Next proceed 
to 34, Senator's Ante-Room^ a rich apartment, and 33, Sergeant-at- Arm's 
Room, also attractively finished. 

Should the Senate be in session visitors cannot pass the door at No. 35 
without permission from a Senator. It would be proper to send a card to a 
Senatorial acquaintance asking this permission. He will send a page to con- 
duct his friends to the Bronze Stairs, (35,) cost $5,000. There are lour ol 
these in the building. Thence to the Vice- Presidents Room, (36.) Here is 
Rembrandt Peak's Painting of Washington, and marble busts of Pres. pro. 
temp. Foster, of Conn, and Vice-President Wilson, vfho died in this room. 
The messenger at the door can admit visitors. 

Having now entered the Senate Lobby, on the r. pass into the Marble, or 
Senator's Reception Roovi, (40,) and on the 1., when the Senate is not in 
session, pass upon the floor of the Senate. 

The Senate Chamber (visitors admit ed on the floor when the Senate is notin 
session) is 113X ^^o^' and 36' high. The Cloak Rooms on the 
outer sides reduce the floor to 83^x5 1'. The galleries are over the cloak 
Rooms and will seat 1200 persons. (See Diagram of attic story and galleries 
for location of galleries, and of the Chamber for seats of Senators and officers ) 
The ceiling is of iron and the room is lighted from the loft above. 

By Senate resolution, 1886, authority was given to have made and placed in 
tSe niches in the galleries marble busts of those who have been Vice-Pres - 
dents. They a e now in the hands of the sculptors, and are placed in position 
as rapidly as finished. 

Returning to the lobby, continue W. to the President' s Room, (41.) This 
is one of the finest rooms in the building. Admission may be had, should 
the door be locked, through the messenger in the corridor near by. If the 
door be unlocked, enter. vVhenever the President visits the Capitol he oc- 
cupies this apartment and sends, by a page, for those whom he wishes to see. 
The medallions represent Washington and his first Cabinet. The ceiling is 
also richly frescoed, and the walL finished in gilt. Opposite the entrance 
the Bronze Staircase (35) is similar to that E. of the lobby. Take the \V. 
corridor to the West Grand Staircase, of American White Marble, a very 
beautiful piece of work. At the foot is Stone's heroic Statue of John Han- 
cock, co^t, $5,500, and over the first landing. Walker's painting of the 
Storming of Chapultep.c, Mexico, Sept. 13, 1847, cost, $6,000. The Ameri- 
can Army is commanded by Gen. Scott, and pursuing the fleeing Mexicans- 
into the City of Mexico 



SENATE WING, ATTIC STORY AND GALLERIES 




THE CAPITOL — ATTIC STORY AND GALLERIES. 



At this point the visi- 
tor should ascend to the 
attic story and galleries. 
The Diagrams will indi- 
cate points of intei-est 
on this fl. The Senate 
assembles 2X 12 m. The 
best time to visit the 
Senate galleries during 
the sessions is just be- 
fore that hour. The 
general debates usually 
commence after the 
"morning hour," about 
I 30 p. m. 

MAiisr Building.— 
Store Rooms Congre 
ional Library. 3. Stairs 
to the Dome. 4. 5, 
Store- Rooms Sen. Doc 
Room. 7, 8. Senate Committee on Additional Accommodations for the Con- 
gressional Library. 6. The Lbrary of the Sen. 30,000 volumes. 9, li, 12, 
13. Sen. Doc Rooms. 10 Sen. Com. Nicaraguan Claims. 

Senate Wing. — 14. E. Grand (Marble) Staircase, and Powell's Painting 
of Perry's Victory on Lake Erie, 1813, and Heaton's Recall of Columbus. 
16. S. Corridor. 

Galleries. — 15, 17. Ladies' Gallery. 18. Diplomatic Gallery. 19. 
Gentlemen's Gallery. 20. Press Reporters' Gallery. 21. Ladies' Gallery 
and Reserved Gallery. 22. Ladies' Retiring- Room. 23. Hall, containing 
Moran's Paintings of ihe Canon of the Yellowstone, and Chasm of the Col- 
on do, cost, $10,000 each, and portraits of Webster, Clay and Calhoun. 24. 
Ante room to Ladies' Gallery, and paintings of -'The First Fight of the 
Ironclads," and The Electoral Tribunal of 1877, and portraits of Gen. Dix 
and Senator Sumner. 

25 Sen. Com. on Private Land Claims. 26. Sen. Com. on Claims. 27 
Sen. Conference Room. 28. E. Corridor. 29, 30. Sen. Com on Printing. 
31 W. Corridor. 32. W. Grand (Marble) Staircase, and Walker's Painting 
Storming of Chapultepec and Charles Wilson Peales' Washington, 1 779. 
33, 34 Sen. Com. on Public Buildings and Grounds. 35. Stairs Illuminating 
Loft. 36. Sen. Com. on Transportation. 37. Sen. Com. on Railroads. 38. 
Sen. Com. on Privileges and Elections. 39. Elevator for Senators. 40. 
Sen Com. on Commerce. 41. Sen. Com. on Engrossed Bills. 42. Press 
Telegraph Office. 43 Press Reporters' Retiring- Room. 

The visitor having viewed the points of interest on the Attic Floor of the 
Senate wing, and having passed some time in the Senate Cxalleries, the Sen- 
ate being in session, should now return to the corridor and proceed thence to 
the Elevator at No. 39 or 28 same fl., and descend by that means or by the 
Staircases, 14 or 32, to the Basement Story and see the frescoes and other 
features of interest in this portion of the Capitol. The visitor may enter any 
of the Committee Rooms found unlocked or open, for the purpose of exam- 



22 



THE CAPITOL, BASEMENT STORY. 



ining the the frescoes. When locked, inquiry from the messenger on the 
floor may gain them admission. 

Objects of Interest in the Capitol Basement — Senate Wing. — 
The walls and groined ceilings of the corridors are frescoed, representing 
events and personages in American history, and representations of the fauna 
and flora of the U S, 

The Room of the Sen. Com. on Indian Affairs is beautifully frescoed. The 
Stairs on the W. Corridor lead to the Sub- Basement and Senate Heating and 
Ventilating Apparatus. The machinery here is very interesting and should 
be visited. The Stn Com. on Library is appropriately frescoed. The Room 
ol the Sen. Com on Military Affairs has the finest Frescoes, reoresenting 
the Boston Massacre; Battle of Lexington; Death of Wooster; Washington 
at Valley Forge, and Capture of Stony Point. The Room on Naval Affairs 
is elaborately frescoed, representing Marine Dieties, &c 

The Room on Foreign Relations is also frescoed. 

The Restaurant is open to the public. 

The Main Building. — N. of the Cript. — Contains the Senate Baths. The 
Law Library, containing nearly 100,000 volumes, and largest in the U. S. 
The Crypt, formed of 40 Doric Columns. The Star in the pavement is the 
centre of the Capiiol, and formerly the m ridian of the U. S. Beneath is the 
Undercroft or Vault in which it was proposed to place the remains of Wash 
ington. I he Crypt has been reduced in size by temporary rooms walled oft 
for the Congressional Library. Upon it rests the superstructure of the dome. 
The steps lead to Sub-Basement and Uiidercroft. 

S. of t'e Crypt. — Contains nothing of special interest. 

The House Wing. — The Main Corridor to S. Entrance, I45'x25', con- 
sists of a fine maible colonade. The Restaurant is open to the public The 
H. Com. on Indian Affairs, contains a collection of Paintings of Indian Life. 
The Room of the H. Com. on Agriculture is appropriately Frescoed. The 
Steps lead to Sub-Basement, Heating and Ventilating Apparatus. 

Having finished on the ba-^ement story visitors should first ascend by the 
elevators near 59 and 65 to the House Attic Story ^.nd. Galleries. 

House V^ ing, At'jic 

if 



Story.-i. Store-Room 
Congressional Library. 
44, 46. Store- Room H. 
Library. 45. House 
Document Room 
47. E. Grand (Marble) a 
Staircase, and Carpen- 
ters Painting of the sign- 
ing of the Proclamation 
of Emancipation, Sept. 
22, 1862, presented to the 
U.S by Mary E.Thomp- 
son, and portrait of 
Henrv Clay, by John 
K eagle, 1843. 49- Li- 
brary of the House, 
120,000 volumes of Pub- 
He Docs. 




s Q El a B B 

B B ID B B B 

THE HOUSE WING 



B_S_BB 



ATTIC STORY AND (iALLEKIKS. 



HOUSE WING, ATTIC STORY AND GALLERIES. 23 



Galleries. — 50. Ladies' and Private Galleries. 51. Private and Represen 
tatives' Family Galleries. 52. Diplomatic Gallery. 53. Press Reporters 
Gallery. 54. Private Gallery for Ladies. 55. Gei tlemen's Gallery. 

56. H. Com. on Foreign Affairs. 57. H. Com on the Judiciary. 58. H. 
Com on Commerce. 59. H. Com. on Public Lands. 60, 61. La ies'' 
Retiring Room ; a Matron is in attendance. 62. Press Reporters' Writing- 
Room. 63. Press Telegraph Office. 64. Ante-room. 65 H Com. on 
Pacific Railroads and Pensions 66. H. Com. on Elections. 67. H. Com. 
on Railw ays, Canals and Patents. 68. H. Com. on the District of Columbia 
69. 70. H. Com on Banking and Currency. 71 W. Grand (Marble) -.tair- 
case, and Leutze's Chromo -^ilica, Westward Ho. Poi trait hief Justice 
/ ohn Marshall, R. Brooks, 1880. 




THE HALL OF 1 lATIVES. 

From this floor the visitor should enter the Galleries if the Hou^e of Re- 
presentatives be in session, (hour of meeting, 12 m.,) and pass a few moments 
in following the debates. 

From the Attic Story the visitor should descend at once to the Principal 
Story, and thence proceed to the Lobby, 70, S. of the Hall of Representa- 
tives, (see Diagram, page 16, for references.) The Lobby 2sA Llallm^y^ be 
entered by visitors except when the House of Representatives is in session. 
It is therefore, desirable to reach this portion of the building before 12 m., 
during sessions of Congress. In the Lobby is a gallery of t'ictures of the 
Speakers of the Housse of Representatives. The Repr^^^^Mtives^ Retiring 



24 THE HOUSE WING, PRINCIPAL STORY. 



Rooms, 76-78, S. of the Lobby, form a fine suite of apartments. N. of the 
Lobby is the Hall of Representatives, {j^i ,) 139x93' and 36' high. The 
"floor" is Ii5'x67' and contams Desks for 325 Representatives and 8 
Delegates. The Cloak and Retiring Rooms open off the Hall. The Gal- 
leries over them will seat 2500 persons. The Hall is lighted, both by day 
and night from the ceiling, v^^hich consists of panels formed of iron girders 
set vv^ith ground-glass, decorated with appropriate centre pieces. On the r. 
of the Chair is the pedestil which supports The Mace, the insignia of authority 
of the House, which is placed there by the Sergeant-at-Arms or his represen- 
tative when the House is called to order. On the E. of the Chair is Vander- 
lyn's full-length Portrait of President Washington, and on the W. , Ary 
Scheffer's Portrait of Marquis d^ Lafayette, presented to Congress by the 
artist in 1824. In the panels E. and W. of the doors of the Lobby, are 
Bierstadts' paintings representing the Settlement of California, and The Dis- 
covery of the Hudson River, and in the W panel a fresco of Washington de- 
manding the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown, Va , 1781." At the foot 
of the E. Grand Stahrase, E. of the Hall, is Power's Statue of Jeffenon, 
cost, $10,000. Over the landing is Carpenter's painting of the Signing of the 
Proclamation of Efuancipaiion, by President Lincoln, in the presence of his 
Cabinet, Sept. 22, 1863, presented to Congress by Mrs. Mary E. Thompson, 
W. of the Hall is the W. Grand Staircase, at the foot of which is Vincenti's 
bronze bust of Bee-She-Kec, a Chippewa Warrior. Over the landing is 
Leutze's Ckromo Silica, Westward Ho, cost, $20,000. The Golden Ga e. 
Harbor of San Francisco, beneath, is by Bierstadt. 

The Room of the Com. on Ways and Means (67) is richly frescoed. In 
he room of the Com. on Military AfTairs (63) is Lieut.-Col. Eastman's collec- 
ion of paintings of the principal Eons of the U. S. The rest of the apart- 
ments in this part of the building are without special interest 

Leaving the House wing, the connecting corridor, (59,) opposite the mam 
door of the House, leads to the National Stat,4ary Hall, (58.) This mag- 
nificent apartment, before the extension of the Capitol, was occupied by the 
House of Representatives. It consists of a semi-circle of 96' chord, and 57' 
high. In 1864 Congress invited each State to furnish, not exceeding two, 
marble or bronze statues of its deceased citizens, illustrious for distinguished 
civil, or military service, and designated this Hall to receive them. The Statues, 
in marble, except where otherwise stated, received in the order of their pres- 
entation to Congress, and no v placed in position are: 

Rhode Island. — Roger Williams, promoter of Civil and Rehgious Lib- 
erty in America, by Simmons, and Gen. Nathaniel Greene, of the Continental 
Army, by Brown. CONNECTICUT. — Jonathan Trumbull, a Patriot of the 
Revolution, and from whom the term "Brother Jonathan" orignated, and 
Roger Sherman, one of the Committee to Draft the Declaration of Independ- 
ence, both by Ives. New York. — George Clinton^ Signer of the Declaration 
of Independence, and Vice-President of the U. S., by Brown, and Rcbert R. 
Livingston, Chancellor, who administered the oath to President Washington 
1 789, by Palmer, both bronze. 

Massachusetts. — John- Winthrop, first Governor of Massachusetts, 1630, 
by R. S.Greenough, and Samuel Adams, an early advocate of American 
Liberty, by Miss Whitney. Vermont. — Ethan Allen, Captor of Fort Tic- 
onderoga "in the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress," 
by Mead, and Jacob Collamer, a Senator, by Powers. Maine.— ?f^z//mw 
King, first Governor of Maine, 1820, by Simmons. Pennsylvania.— V^<5. 
ert Fulton, inventor and pioneer in Steam as a motive power for navigation. 



THE NATIONAL STATUARY HALL. 



25 



by Roberts, and Gen. Peter Gabriel Muhlenbers^, of the Continent 1 Army, 
by Miss Ne\in. OYHO.—Jaynes A. Garfield, President of the U. S., 1881, 
and Wilham Alleji, U. S. Senator, 1837-49, and Governor of Ohio, 1874-6, 
both by Niehaus. New Jersey.— i?/^/^^:;-^/ Stockton, Signer of the Declara- 
tion of Independence, 1776, and Philip Kearney, Union General, killed at 
Chantilly, Va., 1862, latter bronze, both by H. K. Brown, Michigan — 
Lei'^is Cass, Senator and Secretary of State, by D. C. French. 




THE NATIONAL STATUARY HALL. 

Among the other Statues in the Hall are Thomas Jefferson, Author of ihe 
Declaration of Independence, by P. T. David D'Angers. Alexander Hamil- 
ton, first Secretary of the Treasury, Horatio Stone, and Abraham Lincoln, 
by Miss Vinnie Ream. Over the N. door is Franzoni's Clock, representing 
the Car of Time. In the floor, near the S. W. corner, is a small brass plate 
marking the spot where John Q. Adams' fell, Feb'y 21, 1848, two days before 




STORV'S MARSHALL. 



NAVAL MONUMENT. 



26 STATUES OF MARSHALL AND GARFIELD— THE BOTANIC GARDEN. 



he died. In the room N. E , part of the same hall, is a maible bust com- 
memorating his death, which occured there. 

The hall also presents some very remarkable acoustic phenomena, which 
will be explained by persons near by, familiar with the hall. 

From the wStatuary Hall pass into the Rotunda, and leave the building by 
the W. door and steps. At this point the marble 

Grand Stairway and Architectural Terrace may be examined, the Stair- 
way consisting of a 
double flight of steps, 
44' and 48' wide as- 
cending 40' in 120' 
from top to bottom, 
and the Terrace 884' 
longin iront and 304' 
long on the sides, or 
total length 1,492', 
60' wide and 28' 
clear height. Total 
cost, $81 5, 000; built, 
1880-90. 

At the foot of the 
terrace is Story's 
heroic bronze statue 
of John Marshall, 
Chief justice of the 
U S., i8oi-'35, 
erected in 1884, by 
the Congress and 
the Bar of the United 
States. Cost of Statue 
and Pedestal, $40,- 
000. The bassi re- 
lievi represent Min- 
erva dictating the 
Constitution to 
America, and Com- 
merce and Education 
bringing forward a 
young boy. Agricul- 
ture, in one panel, 
an J Victory bringing 
forward America to 
swear allegiance on 
the altar of the 
Union, in the other. 
The tourist will 
now take either of 
WARD'S GARFIELD. the broad walks to 

the Botanic Garden. Passing the Naval Monument, or Monument of 
Peace, by Franklin Simmons, at the Pennsylvania Ave. entrance to the 
Park. It was designed by Admiral Porter, U. S N., executed in Marble, 
erected in 1877, cost $21,000, It was paid for fiom subscriptions by the 




THE NATIONAL LIBRARY. 



27 



Officers of the Admiral's fleet after the fall of Fort Fisher, and Secretary ot 
the Navy, Borie, and others. It is 44' high; represents History recording 
the woes narrated by America. On the W. plinth Victory is crowning Nep- 
tune and Mars, and on the E, Peace offers the olive branch Congress ap- 
propriated $20,000 for the foundation and basin, and the 1 tter statues. 

In front of the Conservatories of the Botanic Gardens is the Bartholdi 
Fountain, 30' high with 9 outlets and an illuminating apparatus of 12 lamps 
ignited by electricity, thus giving the effect of light and water. Cost, $6,000. 

The numbers on Map P. 8 indicate the places of interest in the Garden, 
as follows: I. Rotunda of Conservatory, temperature 80° Fahr, containing 
varieties of Palms. 2. E. wing, temperature 40° and Range 50°. Plants of 
the South Sea Islands, South Africa, and Australia. 3. W. wing and Hange, 
same temperature as E., Plants of China, Japan, East and West Indies, and 
Mexico. 4. Office of Superintendent. 5, 6. Propagating Houses. 7. 
Residence of Superintendent. 8. Packing Propagating Houses. 

At the Maryland Ave. entrance to the Capitol Park stands the bronze statue 
of James A. Garfield, President of the U. S., by John Q. A. Ward; total 
height, 18'. The recumbent figures represent ihe Student, Warrior and 
Statesman. Erected by his comrades of the Army of the Cumberland, 1887. 
Cost of statue, $33,500; pedestal by Congress with figures, $31,500. 




the congressional library building. 

The magnificent structure authorized by Congress for the accommodation 
of the National collection of books occupies the center of a site of 10^ acres, 
between i and 2 Sts. E. and Ea t Capitol and B. St S., or 900' East of the 
House Wirg of the Capitol, purchased, 1887, for $585,000. The Main front 
is towards the Capitol, and the rear centers on A St. South. The ground 
plan from N. to S. is 470', and from E. to W. 365'. It covers nearly four 
acres, and has around it an esplanade aggregating six acres. The building 
will be of granite and marble, and consist of a cellar and basement and two 
stories, aggregating 69' above the ground. It is in the style of the Italian 
rennaissance, designed by J. L. Smithmeyer, The main vestibule and stair 



28 



THE EXECUTIVE AND DEPARTMENTS. 



hall, will be the finest in the world. The Reading room in the centr^ 1 rotunda 
will'be lOo' in diameter and 90' high, and will open into the book repositories 
radiating from the center and of which there will be nine stories within for 
books. The inner rooms will accommodate 2,500,000 and the outer 5,500,000 
books. Cost of the modified design, $6,000,000. 

THE EXECUTIVE MANSION AND VICINITY. 




THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. 



THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. 



The official residence of the President of the United States is variously 
styled The " President's House, " The " White House, " and its proper des- 
ignation, as above. It may be reached by Horse Cars from every part of the 




THE EXECUTIVE MANSION — NORTH FROxNT. 

City. The Mansion is open on week-days, unless a State Ceremony be 
pending, from lo A. M. to 2 P. M. The East Room is open to the public. The 
Recettion Parlors are open only by specia permission. Persons desiring "to 




EXFCUTIVE MANSION — SOIJTH FRONT, 



30 



THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. 



pay respects " to the President will inquire of the ushers at the main door a 
to hours. The wife of the President, at her convenience, is at home to 
friends or persons properly introduced at stated hours on stated days. 

The Executive Mansion, of the Ionic order, is lyo'xSG', two stories high, 
built of Aquia Creek (Potomac) free stone, painted white. It was the first 
public building commenced in the city, in 1 792, immediately after the plan 
was plotted on the ground. The Co7ise?valories (No. I on the map) adj in 
the building on the W. The total cost, including repairs in i8i5-'i8 to date, 
was $1,640,000. 

The official part of the building is on the East. The West half is private. 
(See directions on previous page.) 

The Diagrams will locate and designate the apartments in the building. 




First Floor, Execntive Mansion. 

First Floor. — I. Main Entrance and Vestibule. 2. Official Stairway. 3. 
The East Room. This is the promenade hall during entert inments. 
It is 8o'x4o' and 22' high, decorated in Greek style, and during evening 
receptions presents a fine appearance. There are portraits of Gen. Wa^sh- 
ington, a Gilbert Stuart, Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln. Also ot 
M s. Washington. The dress is of the time, made in Paris for a lady of 
wealih, to be worn at the Martha Washington Centennial tea-party at Phila- 
delphia, in the year 1876. 4. Green Room, containing portraits of Mrs. 
Tyler, Mrs. Polk, and Mrs. Hayes, the wives of former Presidents. 5. 
Blue Room where the President or his lady receives on ceremonial or 
social occasions. 6. Red Room, the private or family parlor ; Presidents 
John Adams, VanBuren, Taylor. 7. State Dining Room. 8. Passage-way 
to the Conservatories. 9. Butler's Pantry. 10. Private or Family Dining 
Room. II. Private Stairway. 12. Waiting Room for social callers. 13. 
Elevator. 14. Grand Corridor. Here may be seen an interesting gallery ot 
portraits of the Presidents, 



THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. 



31 



"1 ne following Diagram of the second floor exhibits the arrangement of the 
official and family apartments. 




Second Floo7\ Executive Mansion. 

Second Floor. — The second floor is arranged: I. Official Stairway. 2. 
Ante-room to President's Office. Here persons having business or an ap- 
pointment with the President should enter, hand their cards to the person in 
charge and be seated. If they can be received they will be informed of the 
fact and receive the necessary directions from the usher. 3. Cabinet Room. 
Here the Cabinet meets at 12 a. m. on Cabinet days, 4. President's Office. 
5. Private Secretary's Office. 6. Corridor. 7. Office. 8. Office. 9. — 10. 
Chambers 11. Blue or State Bed Chamber. 12. Elevator and Bath Room. 
13. State Bed Chamber. 14. Boudoir. 15. Private Corridor. 16 and 17. 
Suite of Lady of the Mansion ; the latter was occupied by President Garfield 
during his surgical treatment after his assassination. 18. President's Bed 
Chamber. 19. Library. There are here some fine portraits of Presidents 
and 5,000 volumes. 

The Conservatories are open during Receptions or "Drawing Rooms." 
The Executive Mansion is now entirely inadequate to the demands of the 
social and official surroundings of the President. It is proposed to enlarge 
this building for an Executive Office, and Executive Residence and to add a 
grand conservatory and hall of paintings and statuary. . 



32 



DEPARTMENT OF STATE 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS, 

AND 

OTHER PLACES OF INTEREST 



The Department of State occupies the S. wing of the immense stiuc- 
ture W. of the Executive Mansion. Open week-days except Diplomatic day, 
or designated by the Secretary, from 9 A. M to 2 P' M. 




STATE, WAR AND NAVY BUILDING. 

This mighty pile of granite, iron and slate, designed by A. B. Mullett, Su- 
pervising Architect ot the Treasury, consists of four harmonious buildings 
united by connecting wings which together constitute the finest edifice of tLe 
kuid in the world. It is 567' from N. to S., 342' from E. to W., and 145' 
h'gh. It was erected 1871-87, covers 4j^ acres, contams 566 rooms, 2 mile> 
of cor idors, and cost $10,700,000. 

Objects of Interest. — From the entrance proceed along the corridor to 
the Elevator zxvA request to be taken to the Library, which is on the 3d fl. 
Here may be seen Thomas Jefferson's original draft' of the Declaration oi 
Indepencence, the desk upon which it was written, and the original engrossed 
and signed copy; a case of historic relics, including Washington's war sword 
and other objects of interest. The volumes number 50,000. 

From the Library descend to the floor below to visit the Diplomatic Re- 
ception Room (Nos. 4 and 6,) which may be seen by inquiring of the mes 
senger on the corridor. This apartment is richly finished and furnished, and 
contains portraits of Secretaries Jefferson, Webster, Seward, Washburn, 
Fish, Evarts, Blaine and Frelinghuysen. and Lord Ashburton. Leaving this 
room, visit the Diplomatic Ante Room at the W. end of the corridor. Per- 
sons desiiing to see the office of the Secretary of State should make the fact 
known to the messenger at the door, and if not occupied he is at liberty to 
open the room. In the ante-room at the E. end of the corridor is a gallery 
of all the Secretaries of State from 1789 to date. 



DEPARTMENTS OF WAR AND NAVY. 



33 



From the ante-room the tourist should pass into the corridor of the E 
wing of the building occupied by the Department of the Navy. The 
office of the Secretary of the Navy (Nos. 97 and 98,) is on the E. side, op- 
posite the central staircases, which should be examined as they are beautiful 
features of the building. They extend from lhe basement to the attic. The 
balusters, 1 106 in number, are of bronze, and the hand-rail of Central Amer- 
ican Mahogany. The office of the Secretary may be viewed, if not occupied, 
by speaking to the messenger at the door. This room is beautifully finished, 
and contains some fine portraits of the later Secretaries. In the corridor op- 
posite the main door are superb molels of modern war ships of the Navy. ■ 

From the Secretary's office return to the ehvatoy and ask to be taken to the 
Library, which is on the fourth floor. The entrance is a few steps N. of 
the elevator landing. This is the finest room in this wing. The walls are 
paneled in foreign and domestic marbles. In the four corners of the room 
are massive bronze symbolic figures combined wdth chandaliers. A gallery 
divides the hall into two stories, and over head is an artistically designed 
ceiling of iron and glass. The books are kept on shelves in the alcoves, and 

number 20,000. After 
returning 10 the corridor 
the skylight over the 
grand stairway should 
be examined. From the 
roof of the building at 
this point a fine view of 
he city may be had. 
The key may be ob- 
tained at the office of the 
Supt. of the Building. 

The other floors of 
this wing are occupied 
by the administrative 
Bureaus of the Depart- 
ment. 

From the Library of 
the Navy Department, 
at the W. end of the 
central corridor is an in- 
tere sting collection of 
wax figures illustrating 
Continental and modern 
?here will be found 
the magnificent suite of aparitnents of the '■'ecretaty of War. In these rooms 
and adjacent corridors and stairways may be seen a collection oi porhaits of 
the Secretaries of War and of distinguished generals. Admission maybe 
obtained at the Secretary's door. 

From this floor descend to the floor below to the Headquarters of the Army, 
in the N. wing, E. end of corridor. By permission of an aide, (Nos. 36 or 
37,) visitors may view the rooms. 

The elevators, about the center of the West corridor, lead to the depart- 
ment floors. 
c 




CORCORAN GALLERY OF ART. (See p. 34. 

uniforms of the U. S. A. ; thence descend to 2d floor, 



34 



CORCORAN GALLERY OF ART. 



The objects of interest are the suite of apartments of the Secretary of War 
on the second floor opposite the central corridor, richly furnished in the latest 
style of decorative art, and containing a gallery of paintings of the Secretaries. 

The main staircases and the domed corridor and Department Library con- 
taining 20,000 vols, on the fifth floor, richly finished in bronze iron, are in- 
teresting. The rest of this wing is also elaborately finished. 

Returning to 17th st. and crossing Pa. Ave. to the N. E cor., we reach the 
Corcoran Gallery of Art. Erected by W. W. Corcoran in 1859, cost 
$250,000, used by the Government i86i-'9. In the latter year deeded to 
trustees. The endowment fund is $1,000,000. On the Pa Ave. front are 4 
niches containing marble statues, by M. Ezekiel, representing, beginning at 
the E., Durer (engraving), Raphael (painting), Phidias (sculpture), and 
Angelo (architecture). In the 7 niches on 17th st. are statutes cf the great 
masters of painting and sculpture by the same sculptor, beginning on the S., 
Titian, Rubens, Rembrandt, Crawford, Canova Murillo and DaVinci. The 
jnain entrance is on Pa. Ave. The two bronze lions are copies of Canova's, 
at the tomb of Pope Clement XIII, Rome. The gallery is open Mondays, 
Wednesdays and Fridays, admission 25c ; and Tuesdays, Thursdays, and 
Saturdays, free. Hours: 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. from October to May; and 
9 a m. to 4 p. m. from May to October. 

diagram of floors, CORCORAN GALLERY. 




Fij'st Floor. 



Second Floor. 



First Floor. — I. Vestibule containing Bas Reliefs Busts of Roman and 
Greek celebrites, last days of Napoleon and other objects. 

II. Trustees' Room. III. Hall of Bronzes and Ceramics. IV. Hall of 
Antique Sculpture. V. Hall of Modern Sculpture. VI. Gallery of the 
Renaissance. VII. Ladies' Retiring Room. VIII. Janitor's Room. 

Second Floor. — Hall and Stairway. — Statuary. X. Main Picture Gallery 
containing the main collection. XI. East Gallery — American Portraits. 
XII. Southeast Gallery — Statuary and Paintings. XIII, Octagon Room — 
Here is Power's Greek Slave (original). XIV. Southwest Gallery — Paint- 
ings. XV. West Gallery — Paintings. 



LAFAYETTE SQUARE AND STATUE. 



35 




MILLS' JACKSON. 

opposite the Executive Mansion, 
is the statue of Lafayette and 
his compatriots, Count de Ro- 
chambeau and Chevaher Du- 
portail of the French army, and 
Counts D'Estaing and DeGrasse, 
of the French Navy, serving a& 
allies in the closing years of the 
War for Indepedence, ordered by 
Congress 1884, cost $50,000, ex- 
ecuted by the French sculptors 
Antoine Falquiere and Antorin 
Mercie, erected 1890. The total 
height from sub-base to top of 
surmounting statue is 45'. The 
figure of Lafayette in Continental 
uniform is 10', and the subordi- 
nate figures 9' high. The heroic 
figure in front represents America 
offering the sword of liberty to 
Lafayette and pointing to the in - 
scription. On the back of the 
pedestal are allegorical figures 
and the inscription. Propriety 
has fixed as the site Lafayette 
Park, north of the Executive 
Mansion, a name suggested bj 
Washington and Jefferson when 
the city was laid out. 

On Pennsylvania Ave., N. sidf , 
opposite the Treasury building is 
the Department of Justice. 
This building, erected by the 



Fron the Corcoran Gallery of Art 
a few minutes' walk E. will bring the 
tourist to Lafayette Park, in 
the center of which is Clark Mills' 
Bronze Statue (?/"Andr W Jackson, 
unveiled ini853 cost $50,000. The 
church on the N. of the Pk., n. e. 
cor. i6th and H sts., n. w., is St. 
John's, P. E., one of the historic 
ecclesiastical structures of the cily. 
Among its members were Presiderts 
p Madison, Jackson, and Arthur, and 
^ other distinguished personages. 

On Pennsylvania Avenue, in the 
south east angle of this park, nearly 




FALGUIERE— MEPXIE'S LAFAYETTE 



36 



DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. 



Freedmen's Savings and Trust Co., was purchased by the U. S. in 1882, for 
$250,000. It is of Potomac Seneca stone, 4 stories high. 

The Department, open from 9 a. m. to 2 p. m., occupies the second and 
upper stories. The Entrance is at the W. end of the S. front. The Eleva- 
tor may be reached by the temporary passage W. of the main entrance. The 
suite of apartments -occupied by the Attcrney-Generalis tastefully furnished and 
contain a Gallery of Portraits of the Attorneys- General of the U. S. from the 
foundation of the Government. Permission to view these maybe obtained 
through the messenger at the Attorney-General's office. The Library, 20,coo 
vols., is on the 4th floor. 

Returning to the Ave. 
the rooms of the Court 
OF Claims, open from 
9 a. m. to 4 p. m., may 
be entered at door No. 
1509. There is a fine 
Court Room reached 
through the bailiff's 
room. Sessions of the 
Court are held from tht 
first Monday in Dec. tc 
May or June. ^_ 

From ihe building of ^ 
the Dep. of Justice the | 
tourist should recross Pa " 
A V. and enter theTREAS- 
uryBuild'g, open from ^ 
9 a. m. to 2 p. m., by 
the N. entrance. Thi^ 
immense edifice, consist- 
ing of a basement, two 
stories and attic, occu- 
pies a paralellogram 
5 io'x28i' including por 
ticoes. The E. lagadt 
includingthe colonnade, 
or the original portions- 
of the building, erectec 
i836-'4^, is of Virgil. ir 
iree-stone, and the le- 
maining fagades erectec 
i855-'69, are of Maine 
granite The Colonnade ~ r^^^ Department of J ustice. 
on the YL. consists of 30 

Ionic columns. The columns in other portions of the building are granite and 
monolithic, 311^' high. " The building cost $6,000,000 

After entering the building the first point of interest is the U. S. Treasury 
or Cash Room on the ^. corridor of the mrin floor. This is a fine room ex- 
tending through two stories, with a bronze 'balustrade, and panelled in foreign 
and domestic marbles. In this room all cash disbursements or payment of 
drafts on the Treasury are made. There is a cash vault for current moneys 




DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. 



37 



of the U. S. containing from $40,000,000 at a time, at the E. end of the 
room; and one overhead. A permit may be obtained, from ii a. m. to 12 
m., from the U. S. Treasurer, E. end of the corridor, to visit the vaults. Also 
the Redemption Division in the basement. Here may be seen the counting, 
by ladies, of notes sent to the Treasury for redemption, and the cancellation 
and destruction of the same. While in these apartments the Silver vaults 
of the Treasury v^'ill be shown. The two silver and go'd vaults (closed) with 
a capacity for 80 and 132 million silver dollars, are in the sub-basement and 
under the Northern Court. 

From the Redemption Div'sion proceed to the W. coi-ridor near the S. end 
of which is the Offire of th^' Su ter vising Arc hiUct of the Treasury. Here may 
be seen highly executed drawings of elevations and plans of the Public Build- 
ings erected by the U. S., peculiarly interesting to architects and civil engin- 
eers. Take the Elevator, S. E. corner to the Secretary's (2d) floor. 




DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. 

This niit-' of apartments is in the s. e. cor. of the building. In the adjacent 
S. co.ridor, and in the offices of the Secretary (3), and Assistants (7 and 9), 
and Chief Clerk (5), are the Portraits of the Secretaries of the Treasury. 
The messenger can arrange to view this gallery. On the VV. corridor 3d floor 
above (Room. 35) are the quarters of the Secret Service Division of the 
Treasury, in which may be seen an interesting collection of implements 
used by counterfeiters, and photographs, or a "Rogues Gallery" of noted 
characters in this line. The Tre.isury Libra) y, 20,000 vols., may be reached 
by the stairway from this floor in the n w. cor. of the attic story. The 
Librarian will explain the features of interest. Returning to the 3d fl. take 
the E. corridor to the S. end, and thence by the ^/^Tj^^tr descend to the ist 
fl , thence take the S. corridor to the S. main entrance and portico. 

The small Germanized-Swiss building directly S. is the Photograph 
Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury, open to specialists or 
others interested, from 9 a. m. to 4 p, m. Enter by the E. door in the N. 
front and ascend to the operating room on the 2d floor. Here may be seen 
the printing of working plans of public buildings being erected by the U. S. 

After leaving this building proceed to 15th St. and Pa. Ave. Immediately 



38 



MONUMENT PARK AND THE MALL. 



S. on 15th St. is the Grand Opera House and Armory oi the Washington 
Light Infantry, erected in 1884. 

At this point the tourist has a choice of routes, one directly to the Capi ol 
by street car, via Pa. Ave., and the other by a detour to the U. S. Fish 
Ponds, Washington Obelisk, and points along The Mall, including the Pro- 
pagating Garden, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Department of Agri- 
culture, Industrial Hall, Henry Statue, Smithsonian Institution, National 
Museum, Medical Museum, and Central Station U. S. Fish Commission. 
It must be made afoot or in a conveyance. 

After leaving the Treasury Building and Photograph Office, and reaching 
15th St., the tourist should proceed S. entering the President's Grounds, op- 
posite the Grand Opera House and Washington Light Infantry Armory. 




BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PRINTING, (SEE PAGE 42.) 

The park S. of private park of the Executive Mansion to the monument 
grounds is Grand Army Place, dedicated by a great military pageant Sept., 
1892, during the National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, 
when 100,000 soldiers of the War of the Rebellion, 1861-5, and 300,000 
spectators were gathered at the National Capital. There is an excellent 
view of the S. front of the Executive Mansion and grounds. On the lawn, 
during the Summer season, on Saturdays, from May to October the U. S. 
Mar ne Band performs for the pubHc from 5.30 to 7.30 p. m. A few steps 
S. on the W. is the entrance to the U. S. Fish Ponds, open fromS a. m. to 
4 p. m. The W.. N. and S. Ponds are devoted to the propagation of Carp, 
and the smaller Ponds to ornamental fish. There is also a Turtle Pond. 
After leaving the U. S. Fish Ponds the tourist will proceed to : 
The Washington Obelisk or National Monument, is the loftiest 



U. S. FISH PONDS — WASHINGTON OBELISK. 



39 



construction of masonry in the world. The Shaft of Maryland marble is 555'4" 
high, 55' I ^" square at the base, and 34'5>^" at the top (500 ft. mark.) 




THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, (SEE PAGE 43) 

The walls are 15' thick at the base, and 18" at the top. The work was com- 
menced in 1848, and abandoned at 178' high in 1855. In 1876 the Govern" 




THE CONSERVATORIES— DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 

ment took charge of the completion of the Obelisk and made liberal appro- 
priations to that end. In 1878, Lieut.-Col. Thomas L. Casey, U. S. Engi- 



4^ 



WASHINGTON OBELISK. 



neers in charge, and Capt. 
George W. Davis, 14th U. 
S. Infantry, assistant, were 
assigned to duty on the 
obelisk. In Aug., 
the obelisk reached 500', 
from which point the 
pyramidal roof began and 
was raised to 55', the cap 
stone being placed in po- 
sition Dec. 6, 1884 The 
interior is fitted with iron 
steps, 900 to the 500 ft. 
landing, and an elevator 
running to the top. On 
the inner walls are the 
stone tablets or blocks 
contributed by the States 
and Territories of the U. _ 
S., Indian Nations, Foreign ^K 
Governments, Municipali- ^pi- 
ties, rural Communities and g!;. 
Civic and Academic Organ- ^B 
izations. When work by the ^^ 
Monument Society ceased, ^m 



^230,000 had been expen 
ed, and Congress approprt, 
ated $900,000. Total cos ^ 
1,300,000. The higheS|. 
structure in the world nex 
to the Washington Obelisk 
(555'4"0 will be the City 
Building, at Philadelphia, 
537'. Th§ next is the Cathe- 
dral at Cologne, Germany, 
the spires of which have an 
altitude of 524' 11". The 
Capitol of the U. S., to the 
top of the Statue of Freedom, 
is 287'. The ObeHsk was 
formally opened to the public 
in 1888, ascensions to the top 
1^ being made by elevator free 
~~ week days from 9 A. M. to 
5.30 P. M. Persons desiring 
to view the tablets to the dif- 
ferent landings may dosob - 
permission of the Supernt e n 
dent. 




WASHINGTON OBELISK. 



BUREAU ENGRAVING AND PRlNTiNG DEP't AGRlCULtURE. 4I 



DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND VICINITY. 



From the Washington Obehsk a short 
walk will bring the tourist to the PRO- 
PAGATING Gardens, Public Grounds, 
Here trees, shrubs, flowers and foliage 
plants are grown for the ornamentation 
of the Public Parks and Reservations, 
under the direction of an officer of the 
U. S. A., assigned to the charge of public 
buildings and grounds. The forcing 
houses, nursery and collection of sub- 
tropical plants, are interesting. 

The tourist will now continue to the 
Bureau of Engraving and Printing, 
(see engraving page 38,) which stands on 
B and 14th Sts., s. w., and is open on 
Saturdays only, from 10 to 2 p. m. unless 
by special permission. General Applica- 
tion must be made to the officer of the 
watch, at the main entrance, who will 
assign a proper person to conduct visitors 
and explain to them the interesting pro- 
cess of the manufacture of paper money 
and bonds. The building of brick in the 
Romanesque style, 22o'xi35', was erected 
in iSyS-'So and cost $300,000. 

A short distance S. of the Bureau of 
Engraving and Printing is the historic 
Long Bridge, over which the National 
Armies marched into Virginia during the 
Rebelhon, i86i-'5. The track on 14th 
St. is a branch of the "Belt Line," 
from Pa. Ave. to the Bureau of En- 
graving and Printing. 

The grounds of the Department 
of Agriculture are artistically laid 
out. The building of the Depart- 
ment OF Agriculture, open from 
9 a. m. to 4 p. m., was erected in 
1868, is I70'x6i', with a basement, 
3 full stories and mansard roof, 
and cost $140,420. 

The points of chief interest 
within the broad Agricultural 
Grounds are: I. Industrial Hall, 
containing an exhibit of the pro- 
ducts of agriculture of the country, 
and other objects of interest. 2. 
Book and Seed Division, where 




42 



SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION AND VICINITY. 



the publications and seeds of the Department are packed tor distribution. 3. 
The Conservatories, 32o'x30', which contain a large collection of plants ot 

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUM AND 
VICINITY. 




economic value. 4. Four Propagating Houses, viz. the Orange, Persimmon, 
Olive and Pine Apple Houses, and two for miscellaneous plants. 5. The 
Grapery, containing the finest varieties. 6. Rose House. 7. Stables. 8. 
Experimental Garden 



DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



43 



The main entrance is on the N. and the Office of the Commissioner, No. 
2 on the Diagram. Those who wish "to pay respects," can hand in their 
cards by the messenger. 

The Diagrams will indicate the points of interest in the building. 




FIRST FLOOR, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 

First Floor. — A. Main Entrance. B. Main Staircase to the Library. 
C. and D. Private Stairways, i. Pomologist. 2. Office of the Commissioner 
of Agriculture. 3. Private Office of Commissioner. 4. Disbursing Office. 
5. Arite-Room 6. Chief Clerk. 7. Stationary. 8. Ornithologist. 9. 
Chemist and Mineralogical Collection. 10. Chemist's Office, ii. Labora- 
tory. 12, 13, and 14, Clerks. 




SECOND FLOOR, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 

Second Floor. — A and B. Private Stairways. 15. Library ot Agriculture, 
15,000 vols., also the painting " Farmingin Dakota." 16. Museum of Botany, 
containing 150,000 specimens of dried plants of North America. 17. Botan- 
ist's Room. 18. Retiring and Store Rooms. 19, Clerks. 20, 21. Ento- 
mologist's Office. The Stairway B leads to the 3d fl. to the Microscopic, and 
to the Attic to the Forestry and Veternary Divisions in the W. wing. The 
Stairway A leads to the Statistical Division on the 3d fl. of the E. wing. 

o 

From the Agricultural Grounds the tourist will cross 12th St. (Map on 
page 42) and enter that portion of the Mall assigned to the Smithsonian 
Institution and National Museum. The first object of interest reached is 



44 



THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION HENRY STATuE. 



Story's semi-heroic Bronze Statue of Prof. Joseph Henry, first Secretary 
of the Smithsonian Institution, N. of the W. wing of the Smithsonian Build- 
ing. This Statue was erected by Congress, unveiled in 1881, and cost $15,000. 
The small brick building W., is used by the Taxidernist, 

The Smithsonian Institution Build- 
ing is open from 9 a. m. to 4.30 p. m. This 
structure, of the Norman Style of the 12th 
century, is 447'xi6o', built of Potomac Sen- 
eca stone, in i847-'56; cost, $450,000. The 
Institution was founded by James Smithson, 
of London, England, who bequeathed his 
estate to his nephew for life, and thereafter 
"to found at Washington, under the name 
of the Smithsonian Institution, an establish- 
ment for the increase and diffusion of knowl- 
edge among men." The sum realized was 
$535,169. The building and maintenance 
has been paid for out of accretions of interest, 
the principal remaining intact. The Fb'st 
Floor of the main building contains the Ex- 
hibitim of Birds of the National Museum, 
8,000 specimens. The connecting range and 
cloister on the W". and the Gothic Hall at the 
extreme west, which are fire-proof, contain 
the former, the alcoholic collection of fishes 
which is very 1 irge and valuable, and the lat- 
ter, the collection of marine invertebrates, 




STORY'S henry. 



corals, and sponges. These represent many 
faunal regions and are better exhibited than 
any other museum in the world. The group 
America, in terra cotta, is a reproduction ot 
one of the marble corner pieces of the Al- 
bert Memorial, Hyde Park, London. The 
panel of Lemoges Faience, 900 tiles, repre- 
sents the genus of man utilizing the waters 
of streams and storms, the fires of volcanos, 
and lightning. 

The entire E. wing is used by the Ad- 
ministrative Offices of the Institution, the 
National Museum. On the 2d fl. is the 
Anthropological Hall or collection of the De- 
partment ot Antiquities of the National 
Museum, the finest on this hemisphere. 

In the main Rotunda of the National 
Museum is "the Daguerre Memorial" 
in granite and bronze, to the discoverer 
of the art of permanently fixing an image 
on a given surface, executed by J". Scott 
Hartley, erected by the Photographers Asso- 
ciation of America, cost $10,000. Unvailed August 12 
Photographers Convention. 




HARTLEY'S DAGUERRE. 



[5, 1890, during the 



SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION ^NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



45 



The tourist will next continue his way a few steps towards the E. to the 
Romanesque structure occupied by the National Museum, open from 9 




THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 

a. m. to 4.30 p. m. Main entrance on the N. This edifice, one of the best, 
designed for the purpose, in the world, is of brick, 327'x327', covers 2.35 a., 
w?s erected in 1879 and cost $250,000. Over the entrance is an allegorical 




THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



46 



THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



group representing Columbia as the protectress of Science and Industry. 
The Diagram will explain the arrangement of this interesting collection 




FLOOR PLAN OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

I. Main Entrance. 2. Main Vestibule. Here visitors may register their 
names and are required to deposit umbrellas, canes and packages, no fee 
being charged. 

3 and 6, Telephone and Telegraph Rooms. 4 and 5, Superintendent's 
Office. 7 and 10. Engineer of Property. 9. Chemical Department. 8. 
Stairway to Balcony used by the Label Department. 11. Main North Hall, 
Flemish Tapestry. Relics of Washington, Jackson, and Grant. Technical 
collection of Porcelains. Medals. Collections of U. S. Exploring Expedi- 
tions. 

12. The Rotunda. Statuary and Fountain, Memorial Vases, Daguerre 
Memorial, (see p. 44) &c. The Stairways lead to the Galleries for the use 
of visitors. 

13. Northwest Court, Aboriginal Pottery Collection. 14. Lecture Hall. 
15. Hallway to Executive Office. 16. Executive Office. 

17. Library. The 2d fl. of this pavilion is devoted to Executive Offices. 

18. Northwest Range. Graphic Arts. Also illustration of methods. 



NATIONAL AND MEDICAL MUSEUMS. 



47 



19. West Hall. Antiquities. 20. 1st fl. Curator of Materia Medica. 2d 
fl. Curator of Ethnology. 21. West Entrance, closed. 22. ist fl. Property- 
Clerk and Assistant Curator Department of Rocks. 2d fl. Curator of 
Ethnology. 

23. Southwest Range. Department of Minerals. 24. Southwest Court. 
Departments of Metallurgy and Economic Geology. 25. Machinist's Labora- 
tory. 26. Engineer and Stairs. 27, Curator of Minerals. 

28. West South Range, Department of Rocks and Physical Geology. 

29. South Hall, Department of Mammals. 

30. 1st fl. Curator of Invertebrate Palaeontology. 2d fl. Curator of Mam- 
mals. 31. South entrance, closed. 32. ist fl. Office of Paleontologist. 2d 
fl. Curator of fossils. 

33. East South Range, collection of Skeletons and Skulls. 34. 2d fl. Cur- 
ator of Insects, and Photographer, ist fl. In the extreme corner is Public 
Comfort Room for gentlemen. 35 and 36. Public Comfort Room for ladies. 

37. Southeast Range, Insects and Drugs and Medicines. 

38. Southeast Court, Fossils. 39. East Hall, Transportation and En- 
gineering. 

40 and 41. 1st fl. Cafe. 2d fl. Modeler. 42. East Entrance, closed. 43 
and 44. Acting Curator of Food and Textiles, and Curator of Fish and 
Fisheries. 2d fl. Assistant Modeler. 

45. Northeast Range, Ships and Boat?. 46. Northeast Court, Arts and 
Industries. 47. East North Range, Fisheries. 48. Assorting Room, 
Ornithologist — Eggs. 

49, 50. The Chemical Labratory of the U. S. Geological Survey. 

The Downing Vase, erected by the American Pomological Society to the 
memory of A. J. Downing who laid out these grounds, is N. of the building. 




THE ARMY MEDICAL MUSEUM AND LIBRARY. 

Immediately East of the National Museum, N. W. cor. B and 7 st. S. W., 
(see map page 42,) is the Army Medical Museum and Library Build- 
ing, entrance on B st. south, open from 10 a. m. to 3 p. m , erected 1886-8, 
Cluss & Schulze architects, brick,''232'xi36'' ground area, basement and 
three stories, with wings; cost, $200,000. 



48 



MEDICAL MUSEUM FISH COMMISSION. 



First Floor West Whig and Center, Clerks of the Pension Record Division, 
Surgeon General's Office. East Wing, Exhibit of army medical supplies. 

The buildings in the court are for anatomical purposes, and machinery. 

S(cond Floor, West Wing. Library, 200,000 volumes and pamphlets on 
medical subjects, and used in connection with the compilation of Index Cata- 
logue, 20 vols., 1,000 pp. each, the greatest work of the kind extant Center, 
Administrative. East Wing, Medical Museum, containing exhibits of 
wounds and diseases. 

At the Medical Museum the tourist will have reached the 7th St. horse cars. 

Before taking the cars he should visit, from this point, the U. S. Ush Com- 
mission Building, n. w. cor. B and 6th Sts., s. w. 

In the building ot the U. S. Fish Commission, Central Station, open 
from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m., entrance on 6th St., on the basement fl., from Oct. 20 
to ]une 10, may be seen in operation the appliances and processes of fish 
hatching, and the distribution of Carp from the U. S. Fish Fonds, which the 
tourist is supposed to have already visited. 




THE WASHINGTON BARRACKS. 

The tourist should return to 7th St. and take the street cars S. in order to 
visit the Washingion Barracks, and from thence the Washingt.ji Navy Yard. 

Having changed from the main line at Pa. Ave., (Map Page 42,) the cars 
pass the Central Market House, the finest in the city, on the r. They enter 
the Mall, the broad park which connects the parks of the Executive Mansion 
and Washington Obelisk with the Botanic Gardens and Capitol Grounds. At 
the intersection of Md. Ave and C St. this line crosses the tracks of the 
B. and P. Steam R. R. leading W. to the Long Bridge and to Alexandria, and 
on Va. Ave. it crosses the connecting tracks of the B. and P. R. R. to Bal- 
timore. This portion of the city, on Md. and Va. Aves, is given up to the 
terminal facihties of the B. and P. R. R The line now passes the wharves 
of the Mount Vernon, Alexandria Ferry and other lines of Steamers. Arhng- 
ton and Fort Myer may be seen on the hills in Virginia. At P St. the cars 
turn E. to the main gate of the Washington Barracks Grounds. 



THE WASHINGTON BARRACKS. 



49 



WASHINGTON BARRACKS 
AND VICINITY. 



t 



I 





The WashixN^gton Barracks, 
the Grounds comprising 70 a , are 
open from sunrise to sunset. Visit- 
ors may pass the Sentry at the gate 
by stating their desire to view the 
grouncs. After entering the gate, 
on the r., is the inner channel of the 
Potomac, taken by the hnes of 
Steamers to the Wharves. 

The Map will locate the points 
of interest within the Barracks 
Grounds. 

I. Main gate. 2. Guard House. 
3. Hospital. 4. Magazines. 

5. Firin:. Stand of Rifle Range. 
This Range 1,000 yards long, is the 
finest in the Eastern Stale-. Prae- 
ticing by the Artillery Team daily, 
from 9 to II a. m.', weaiher perniit- 
ting. 6. Fish Ponds. 7. Com- 
manding and 8 Field Officers Quar- 
ters. 9. Guard House. In front 
of this site stood the scaffold upon 
which Mrs. Surratt and the other 
conspirators in the assassination of 
President Lincoln were hanged. 

10. Headquarters Washing- 
tonBarracks. II. Officer's 
Quarters. 12. Commissary, Quarter- 
master, and Ordnance Offices 13 
Barracks. 14 Stables. 15. Barracks 
16. Store, 17. Bake, 18, Ice, 19, 
and 20, Tool Houses. 21. Gard- 
ener's Cottage. 22. Store House. 
23. Wagon Shed. 24. Battery 
Park. 25 and 26 Carpenter Shop. 
27. Wood and Coal Houses. 28. 
Battety Stables. 29. Married Mcn'h 
Quarters. 30. Banr Quar-ters. 

31 to 37, Officer's Quarters. 38. 
Butt of Firing Range. 

39. Wharf on Anacostia. 40, 
Wharf on Potomac where the as- 
sassin Booth's, body was landed. 
Alexandria may be seen on the Va. 
side, and the Governmei t Insane 
Asylum on th • hill on the D. C. side 

41. Battery Drill Ground with 
Mortars and Guns. Drilhng 10 a. 
m. daily except Sundays, and un- 
favorable weather. 42. Garrison 
Flag Staff-, 



50 THE WASHINGTON NAVY YARD. 



After leaving the main gate of the Barracks grounds, a short walk on 4^ 
St. to M St., S. will bring the tourist to the line of the Anacostia and Poto- 
mac Horse R. R., and proceed to the Navy Yard. 

This line crosses^ the James Cre k Canal, walled on both sides, 6' deep, 
and is used by boats laden with wood, stone and sand. It also forms the out- 
let of the great Tiber Sewer, which may be seen at the N. end. Across 
the Anacosta, crowning the hill is the^Government Hospital for the Insane. 

The tourist at 8th St. E. alights in front of the imposing entrance to the 
Yard. From this point this line of cars continues to nth St. E., thence 
across the Anacostia to a point near' the Insane Asylum. 



THE WASHINGTON NAVY YARD AND GUN FOUNDRY. 

The Navy Yard and^Gun Foundry is^o^en from^isunrise to sunset, daily, 
except Sunday, Visitors can enter by speaking to the Sergeant of the marine 
guard at the gate. The Yard comprises 42 a. on^the N. bank of the Anacostia, 
or Eastern Branch of the Potomac River, about i m. frt m its confluence with 
the latter stream. It is accessible to vessels of 20' draught. It is now the 
chief Yard for the manufacture of naval supplies, and one of the most^com- 
ple'e gun foundries in the world. 

The numbers on the Map direct the tourist to the places of interest. 

1. Main Gate. On the r. are the Headquarters of the Marine Guard and 
Guard Room, and on the 1. Marine Officer's Quarters. A, is the Flag Staff. 
The Guns were captured from the Tripolitan pirates. 

2. Office of Commandant. Here permits may be obtained to enter the 
shops or go aboard the vessels. 3. Residence of the Commandant. 4. Resi- 
dence of the Captain of the Yard. 5. Officer's Quarters. 6. Dispensary. 
(i%. Civil Engineer's Office. 7. Residence of the Ordnance Officer 8. 
Western Gate. 

9. Museum of Naval Relics and Weapons. 10. Stables. 1 1 Laboratory. 
12. Ordnance Store House, containing an interesting collection of Ship's. 
Guns. 13. Laboratory. 14. Paint Shop. 15. Magazine. 16 and 17, 
Ordnance Shops. 18. Gun Park. 19. Ordnance Foundry. 



NAVY YARD, MARINE BARRACKS, ETC. 



51 



NAVY YARD AND MARINE BARRACKS. 

20. Saluting Battery. 21. Saw Mill. 22. West Ship House. 

" n 



E To Conq. Cern. — > _:^ 




DQi^^^qlnnn 



\ - - -ToJcnacosUa. - =^ 




AITACOSTIA U. or EASTEEN' BIiAN€H of FOT. 



23. Experimental Battery. The range extends across the channel to 
Naval Magazine grounds in the distance. 24. Timber Store House, 



the 
25 



52 



THE MARINE BARRACKS AND HOSPITAL. 



Commandant's Boat House. 2d fl. Yard Reading Room. At the wharf 
the tourist may go aboard the Monitor in the stream. 26. East Ship House. 
27. Copper Smith. 28 and 29. Brass Foundry. 30. East Gate. 31 and 32, 
Naval Store House. 33. Copper RolHng Mill. 34. Rigging Store House. 
35. Foundry for casting steel guns. 36. Paymaster's Stores. 37. Forge 
Hammer. 38. Machine and Blacksmith Shops. 39. Store House. 

The Marine Barracks, main entrance ■gzX.Q on 8th St., is open to visitors 
trom sunrise to sunset, it being simply necessary to mention their object to 
the Sergeant of the guard at the gate, in order to pass. The long line of low 
buildings on 8th St. are the Barracks, and the large building in the centre 
the Headquarters, all of which open on the parade within. The Armory is 
on the S. side. 

Marine Band Concerts, free, are held in the Armory of the Barracks 
Mondays, 1.30 to 3 p. m, from January i to May i; Thursdays, on the 
parade, at 4.30 p m., from May i till October i. 

One square N. of the Marine Barracks on 9th and E Sts., s. e. , is the 
Naval Hospital, open alter 12 m. 

Car Route to the Capitol. — After leaving the Navy "S'ard, and having 
visited the Marine Barracks and Naval Hospital, and not desiiing to visit the 
Congressional Cemetery, Washington Asylum and U. S. Jail, the tourist will 
take the W. and G. R. R. at the nearest point. 



r— a 



The tourist returning to the Capitol 
,,^^ from the Navy Yard, should alight at 

- r New Jersey Ave. if he desires to visit 

ihe Coast and Geodetic Survey Build- 
ing. Here will be seen the whole 
process of Draughting, Copper-En- 
graving, Elecirotyping and Printing 
Charts. The U. S. standard Weights 
and Measures are also kept here. 

From New Jersey Ave. the cars 
continue to West Washington or 
Georgetown, in the Triangle at 9th St. 
and Pa Ave., S. side,is Bailey's bronze 
Statue of Gen. John A. Rawlins, 
Gen. Grant's Chief of Staff and Secre- 
tary of War, erected by Congress in 
1873, St a cost of $10,000. 

At loth St. stands the marble statue 
of the Philosopher and P. inter, Ben 
jamin Franklin, by Ernest Plassman, 
designer, Jacques Jouvenal, sculptor, presented to the city i< 
Hutchins. It is 8'6" high, standing upon a granite pedestal 





bailey's RAW- 
LINS. 



PLASSMAN 'S FRANK- 
LIN. 



59 by Stillson 
i' high. The 
subject is represented in the garb of The days of his diplomatic residence at the 
French Court of Versailles 

Detour, via the Congressional Cemetery, Washington Asylum 
AND U. S. Jail, to the Statue of Emancipation. — The tourist wishing 
to visit the points of interest above named, will start at E on 8th St., (see 
MapP.51.) 

At nth St. and Pa. Ave. is the City Post Office. Ground $800,000. 
Building, romanesque, $1,900,000; 306' x 200' j 8 stories high ; clock tower 



CONGRESSIONAL CEMETERY JAIL. 



53 



250', designed by E. J. Edbrokoe, 
supervising architect U. S. Treas- 
ury. "Will be completed 1894. 

At 13^ St. and Pa. Ave. is the 
extensive power house of the W. 
& G. Str. Rwy. 

The Congressional Cemete 
RY, or Parish Cemetery of Christ 
Church, near the Navy Yard, re- 
ceived its name from having been 
the place of sepulture of Senators 
and Representatives who died in 
the city during the early years of 
the century, or to whom memorial 
Cenotaphs were erected. There 
are also two Vice-Presidents, Gerry 
and Clinton, and Gencals, Ad- 
mirals and o'hers of National re- 
nown, buried here. The site over- 
looks the Anacostia River. The first interment was in 1807. 

From the "Congressional" Cemetery the tourist will continue on E. to 
19th St On 19th St is the Woi-k House, a few steps further N. is the Wash- 
ington Asylum, or Alms House, and still a few steps further N. the U. S. 




THE CIIY post office. 




THE U. S. JAIL. 

Jail. In this Jail Guiteau, the assassin of President Garfield, was confined 
and executed. Visito7's who desire simply o be shown through the Jail will 
be admitted by application at the Warden's Office, main entrance, every day 
except Sundays, between 10 a. m. and 4 p. m. 

From the U. S. Jail the tourist can take the most direct route, about 8 
minutes walk, to Lincoln Square, where stands the Statue of Emancipaiion, 



54 



LINCOLN SQUARE EMANCIPATION STATUE. 



CONGRESSIONAL CEMETERY, JAIL, ETC. 




H. ToF aAve (b T Cars 



Portters Reld. 



iWork 
OTxse. 



Pariing Com 
ISTxirserles. 



5 6 




I n Z/wrc/w 6'^?^(3;r^ stands Ball's semi- 
heroic Bronze Group, Emancipation, 
representing Abraham Lincoln pre- 
senting tlie proclamaiion of fredome 
to a liberated slave. The Statue was 
unveiled Apnl 14, 1876, the anniver- 
sary of Lincoln's assassination. It 
cost $17,000. The first contribution 
was $5 00 from Charlotte Scott, a 
freed woman of Virginia, and her 
first earnings in freedom. After view J^ 
ing the Statue of Emancipation the Mm 
tourist will leave Lincoln Square by f^^ 
East Capitol St., a thoroughfare 160' ^^ 
wide with a fine vista of America, ^^^p 
Elms and North Carolina Poplars 
extending from Lincoln Square W. to 
East Capitol Park. At 9th St., E., on East Capitol St., he may take the 




ball's emancipahon. 



GREENE STATUE U. S. PENSION BUILDING. 



55 



Horse Cars of the East Capitol St line of the Metropolitan R. R,, fare 
5 cts , or 6 tickets for 25 cts., good on all lines, thus commencing the return 
tour, via. the Capitol and to places of interest in the northern central parts 
of the city and west end. 

At 8th 'St. n e. the building with the pointed 
towers seen on the hills N. of the city, is the 
Deaf and Dumb Asylum. At 5th St., n. e. the 
tourist should leave the cars for a short walk 
along that street, N. to Stanton Square, where 
stands Brown's Bronze Equestrian Statue of the 
Revolutionary General, Nathaniel Greene. 
The total cost, to include pedestal, was $50,000. 
From this point a fine view of the Capitol can be 
had by looking along Md. Ave. towards the s. w. 
The large building fronting this square on the S. 
is the Peahody Public School. 

Returning to the line of street cars at 3d St., n. e. 
the route continues to 1st St., n. e. passing the 
brown's GREENE. new Congressional Library Building and along the 
Capitol Park. 

The large, now private building, on the s. e. cor. of Md. Ave. andTst St., 
after the burnirg of the Capitol in 1814, was occupied by Congress! Dur- 
ing the War of the Rebellion, i86i-'65, it was used as a prison for^political 
offenders. lAlsowithin those walls was hanged Wirz, the prison keeper of 
Andersonvile. 





THE U. S. PENSION BUILDING. 



At 4th St. and Indiana Ave., the line reaches Judiciary Square, passing on 
the r. the U. S. Court House and Lincoln Column, by Lot Flannery, erected 
by contributions of patriotic citizens. The former was erected in i82o-'49 



56 



JUDICIARY SQUARE, INTERIOR DEPT. AND VICINITIES. 



INTERIOR DEPARTMENT AND VICINITY. 



n 



: 



1 1 \ri-a^nil^,i^l\ j" 

1 I I \m^ I I 



J < l 1 1 I I 



Not 



n 






'-T m wnwi 



H JenryjS 



CooJi: vS W^ 



i 



llll'lw' I 



N' 





k 








I^ 



"M 



3a 



':^: 




PATENT OFFICE GENEkAL POST-OFFICE. 



S7 



is 250'xi8o', has a freestone basement and stuccoed superstructure, and on 
the S. front, Ionic Porticoes. It was formerly the City Hall but is now occu- 
pied by the Courts of the U. S. and the District of Columbia. At 5th St., 
W, the cars turn N. and at F St., turn W. The immense brick structure 




INTERIOR DEPARTMENT, (PATENT OFFICE.) 

on the N. portion of Judiciary Square, is the U. S. Pension Building, 400'x 
200' and 75' high. It is fire proof throughout.* The frieze over the first story 
consists of a terra cotta sculptured band 3' high, representing Mihtary and 
Naval subjects. The building cost $1,000,000 and required 15,000,000 bricks. 
The conrt will accommodate 18,000 persons at an inauguration ball, and 
59,000 persons closely packed. 




THE GENERAL POST-OFFICE. 

After passing 7th St., on the N. stands the Department of the Interior 
(Patent Office), open from 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. This massive structure, 453'x 
331', was erected i836-'6o, and cost $2,500,000. The centre is of free stone 
and the v* ings of marble, resting on a basement of granite. 



58 



MC PHERSON FARRAGUT SCOTT STATUES. 



The Museum of Models of the Patent Office, open from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m., 
contains 200,000 models. The four halls are of superb construction, and 
contain many objects of historic interest in addition to the valuable and 
instructive collection of models, representing the inventive genius of the 
American people. Directly S. of ihe Interior Department is the General 
Post-Op^fice, open frc)m 9 a. m. to 2 p.m. Commenced in 1839 and 
finished in 1867; cost, $2,700,000, The structure is of marble and belongs 
to the Corinthian order In the suite of the Postmaster- General are Crayon 
Portraits of those Officers. On the third floor, reached from the E. door on 
the N. front of the building, is the Dead Letter Office Museum. At 8th St., 
one square S., stands the Money Order Office. 

At lOth St., one square S. is Ford's Theatre building, the place of assassi- 
nation of President Lincoln. In 1893 in the fall- 
ir g of the floors 23 employes were killed and over 
50 injured. In the back parlor of the house. 

No. 516, 

opposite, 

Presi dent 

Lincoln 

died after 

being car- 
ried from 

the Theatre 
At H and 

15 Sts., n. 

w., is the 

Cohtmbian 

University, 





MRS. HOXIE'S FARRAGUT. 



ROBisso's MCPHERSON. The new 

building is a 

fine brick structure, I2i'x64, 4 stories high and 1 ichly ornamented with appro- 
priate alti relivi in terra cotta, erected in i883-'4, and cost of building and 
ground, $150,000. Visitors will be shown through the building by the 

janitor. At this point the cars pass with- 
in one square of the Bronze Equestrian 
Statue of Gen. J. B. McPherson, by 
Robisso, erected in 1876, by the Society 
of the Army of the Tennessee, and cost 
$23,500. The superb granite pedestal, by 
the Government, cost $25,000. 

From this Statue the tourist may return 
by way of Vermont Ave. to H St., and 
thence resume his journey by the same line 
of cars, (proceeding W.) passing Lafayette 
Park and Statue of Gen. Jackson, on the 
1., or he may take I or K Sts., N,, and 
walk two squares W. to the heroic Statue 
OF Admiral David G. Farragut. U. S. 
Navy, by Mrs. Vinnie Ream Hoxie, 
ordered by Congress, 1872, cast from metal 
of the propellor of the Admiral's Flag Ship, 
artford, unveiled 1881, and cost $20,000; Pedestal $5,000. 




brown's SCOTT. 



STATUE OF DUPONT— OAK HILL CEMETERY— AQUEDUCT. S9 



Take the horse cars on 17th St. to N St., or walk, via 17th St. to R. I. 
Ave., and thence to the intersection of R. I. and Mass, Avenvies, to the Bronze 
Equestrian Statue of Gen. Winfield Scott, by H K. Brown, ordered by Con- 
gress 1867, erected 1874, cost $20,000. The Pedestal consists of 5 blocks of 
granite. Thence return by N St. to Conn. Ave. (Opposite stands the fine 
mansion of the British Legation, and one square be- 
yond is the heroic Bronze Statue of Rear Admiral 
Samuel F. Dupont, by Launt Thompson, ordered 
by Congress 1882, erected 1884, cost, $14,000. In 
this section of the city, the " West End," which is the 
chief quarter of fashionable life, are situated the finest 
private residences and Church edifices, of all denomi- 
nations, in Washington. They may be located by 
reference to the Maps. 

Thence take the horse cars, every few minutes, which 
continue W., crossing Rock Creek into West Washing- 
ton. At 30th or Washington St., W. Washington, 
the tourist should ahght and walk to Oak Hill Cem- 
eiery. This beautiful city of the dead, the gift of 
W. W. Corcoran, comprises 30 a., and has an endow- 
ment of $120,000 from that gentleman. Just W. of 
the Chapel, near the main gate, is the Grave of J. How- 
ard Payne, the author of " Home, Sweet Home," and 
a monument to his memory, erected in 1884, when his 
remains were removed from Tunis, Africa, and deposi- 
ted there. The remains of many other distinguished 
men rest in this Cemetery. THOMPSON'S dupont. 

From this point along Road St , " Georgetown Heights,'''' a short walk will 
bring the tourist to ihe High Service Reservoir, capacity, 1,000,000 gallons, 
fed by the pumping engines at the Washington Aqueduct Bridge. 

Thence walking S along High St, to 3d (P) St,, the cars will carry him o 
35th (Fayette) St,, on the n. w. cor. of which stands the Convent and 
Academy of the Visitation, ( Roman Catholic), founded in 1799. The A<adtiny 
IS open to visitors on WednesJhays and Saturdays after 12 m,, Entrance from 
35tf (Fayette) St, In the Vault of the Convent rest the remains of a daugh- 
ter of Gen. Winfield Scott, a religieuse of the order. 

From the Academy, a short walk of one square S. to 2d (O) St,, and thence 
three squares E., will lead the tourist to Georgetown College, a fine stone 
structure of the pointed style. 

After leaving the College, the tourist should return to 36th (Lingam) St., 
and thence proceed S. to M (Bridge) St. From the New Iron Bridge, 
built 1887-8, he will have a good view of the extensive Coal Chtites and the 
Shipping of West Washington. West Washington, or Georgetown is the 
Port of Entry of Washington. The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, which ter- 
minates here, before the destructive freshets of 1889 brought coal from Cum- 
berland the entrepot of the Western Maryland and W. Virginia Coal Fields, 
to tide water, a distance of 182 m. This Canal, commenced in 1828, 182 m, 
long, cost $13,000,000, and was one of the finest works of the kind in the 
U. S. 

The tourist should now take the W. and G R. R. on M (Bridge) St. at 
32d (High) St. and return to the city, viewing the objects of mterest 
on either side ot the route. (Continued on P. 61.) 




6o WEST WASHINGTON. 



WEST WASHINGTON. 



I F the suburbs of Washington, the old Maryland borough of George- 
town, now known as West Washington, is the most important 
)lt is separated from the Capital by Rock Creek. It lies at the head of 
navigation on the Potomac River and nestled in the beautiful hills at 
the foot of the Little Falls of that stream presents a picturesque appearance. 
Its population in 1880 was 12,578. This is made the initial ox starting point 
of this complete tour of the magnificient governing City of the Nation. 

In order to reach Washington the tourist, having visited the places of 
interest in this portion of West Washington, (Geo't'n), including the Post- 
office and Custom House, a granite edifice, may take the horse cars of the 
Washington and Georgetown R. R., which start at High (32) St., \V., and 
thence proceed E. on Bridge (M) St. 

Should the tourist desire to visit the Boat Houses, he will not take the cars 
at this point, but proceed by High (32d) St., crossing the Chesapeake and 
Ohio canal by a stone bridge, and passing the Grace P. E. Ch. on the 1., to 
the fine Boat Houses of the Columbia and one square W , of the Poto- 
mac Boat Clubs. The janitor will show visitors through the buildings, which 
are complete in all their appointments and well worthy of a visit by persons 
interested in aquatic sports. The Analostan Boat House may be seen fur- 
ther down the river shore. Just above in the Potomac channel, is the "finish" 
of the National Boat Course. 

From the Columbia and Potomac Boat Houses, the tourist would do well to 
return to Bridge (M) St., and tl ence visit the Washington Aqueduct 
Bridge, by proceeding along Bridge to Green (29th) St., to the Fountain, 
where he will leave the line of the car track and by a direct and short course 
reach the point desired. This symmetrical structure spans Rock Creek and 
carries the water supply of Washington over that stream from the great mains 
on the West Washington side, through two 48 in. iron pipes to the Washing- 
ton side, the pipes forming an arch of 290 ft. span which supports a road- 
way and connects Washington and West Washington. At the foot of the W 
abutment are the pumping engines used for supplying the High Service 
Reservoir. This may be visited by permission obtained 

at the Aqueduct office, at the W. end of the bridge. 

The view from this bridge overlooks the terminal locks and basins of the 
Chesapeake and- Ohio Canal, the Wharves and Potomac River; and 
the narrow and deep ravine through which Rock Creek finds its way from 
the picturesque hills of the interior, to the Potomac. The iron truss 
bridge near by connects M with Bridge (M) St., n. w., and is used by the 
W. & G. line of street cars. A short walk along Pa. Ave. will bring the 
tourist back to the line of cars. 

Street Car Route.— West Washington to Washington Statue. 
Should the tourist not desire to specially visit the objects of interest men- 
tioned, he will take the street cars at any point on Bridge (M)St., and in 
crossing Rock Creek, view the Washington Aqueduct and Bridge on tlie S. 
from the cars. The same view of the valley of the stream will also be had, 
looking N. or S. ~ 



WASHINGTON STATUE — NAVAL OBSERVATORY. 



6l 



{^Continued fro7n Page 59.) 

After passing 24th St. we reach Washington Circle and Statue. Here 

the tourist may leave the cars to take 
a view of the colossal Equestrian 
Statute of General George Wash- 
ington, by Clark Mills, ordered in 
1853, and cost $50,000. 
f^^The tourist at Washington Circle 
has the option of retarning to the cxrs 
and continuing along Pa. Ave to the 
^^ group of points of interest in the 
vicinity of the Executive mansion, or 
by a short detour afoot, can visit the 
Analostan Boat House (See P. 60) 
and Naval Observatory, soon to be 
removed. Arriving at the gate, enter 
the Observatory grounds and pro- 
ceed to the N. door, or main entrance 

(open from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m ) of the 

- "^=r^ main building, and touch the electric 

' " bell. The first building reached on 

mill S WASHINGTON. the E. is the Residence oi the Siiper- 

^ntendent, not open to the public. The messenger in the main building will 

make the arrangements to see the many objects of interest. 





u. s. naval observatory. 
With the aid ot the number^ which run from the central pier We. t, Eas 
and South the visitor will bet er understand the explanations. 

I. Pier of brick 12' in diameter and 28' high which supports the smaller 
equatorial. The "Meridian of Washington" passes through the centre of 
this dome. The Time-ball is dropped every day at 12 M. from the ma t 
and simnltaneously the time is transmitted to all parts of the U. S 

II. Office of the Superintendent. Ill and IV. Offices. V. Packing Room. 
VI. Room of the Mural Circuit and Transit. 

VII. Chronometer Room in which chronometers are kept and ratedforthe 
use of the Navy, and from which the standard mean-time is despatched to*al] 
parts of the U. S., in connection with the time-ball on the smaller dome. 



62 



STATUES OF THOMAS AND LUTHER. 



VITI. Library containing 13,000 vol- 
umns relating to Astronomy and kindred 
sciences. 

IX. Standard Sidereal Clock. X. 
Transit Circle. XI. Prime Vertical 
Transit. XII. Machine Shop. XIII. 
Room of Officer in charge of the great 
Equatorial. XVI. Sleeping apartments 
of the same. XV. The great Equatorial. 
Object glass, 2b" . This is one of the 
largest telescopes of the kind in the 
world. It cost $47,000. The dome is 
41' in diameter and 40' high. The in- 
strument is run by a reaction water- 
wheel. 

XVI. Residence of the Superintendent. 
The rooms on the second fl. of the ma'n 
buildmg are used by officers and profes- 
sors in charge of instruments. A new 
observatory is being erected. 

A view may be had of the River Park, 
reclaimed by the Government at a vast 
expense. At the foot of the hill the En- 
glish General Braddock, landed his troops 
preparatory to his march from Alexandria, 
Va., to the fatal banks of the Mononga- 
hela, in 1755. 

Tl lOM AS AND LUTHER STATUES. 

Starting: at New York Ave. and 15th 
^t., passing the Young MejCs Christian 
As,soc ation on the 1., the cars turn N 
into 14th St , W. At M St, is the 
Hronz.e Statue of Gen. George H. 
Thomas, by J. Q. A. Ward, erected 
1879 by the Society of the Army of the 
Cumberland, cost, $40,000. Immedi- 
ately N. are the Memorial Lutheran 
Church, and heroic Bronze Statue 
of Martin Luther, the Gernran ^ 
Religious Reformer, a replica of the 
centra] figure of the Luther Memo- 
rial, or Reformation Group, by 
Keitschel, at Worms, Germany, 
erected by an association of Luther- 
ans in 1884, in commemoration of 
the 400h anniversary of the Re- 
ormer'sbirth, Nov. 10, 1483, cost, 
with pedestal, $10,000. The cars 
continue to Boundary. The Garfield 
Hospital is at the N. end of I ith St 
W. 



STATUE OF THOMAS. 







THOMAS AND LUTHER STATUES GOV'T PRINTING OFFICE. 



63 



THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE AND 
DEAF MUTE COLLEGE. 



The tourist desiring to visit the Government Print- 
ing Office will take the Columbia Horse Cars. This 
line begins on New York York Ave. at 15th St , W., 

After crossing 14th 

St., for points of in- 
terest along his course, 

the tourist will follow 

his route on the Map. 
At N. Capitol St. he 

will alight, and on 

that street enter the 

Government Print- 
ing Office, open 

from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. 

Ascend to the 2d fl., 

the messenger will 

make the necessary ar- 
rangements. On the 1st fl. are the Press and Proof- 
reading Rooms; 2d fl., the Composing Rooms and 
Offices; 3d fl , the Bindery, and 4th fl.. Folding Room. 

From the Government Printing Office theslreetcars keitschel's luther. 




ward's THOMAS. 




IMi^ 




64 



DEAF AND DUMB COLLEGE ENVIRONS. 



■continue E. At yth St., n. e. the tourist may leave the cars and j^I^av the o; 
Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, at the N. end of that street. 
The Institution is open on Thursday for visitors to the School. It is sus- 
tained by Congress for the use of the District of Columbia and the Army 
and Navy. A Collegiate Department, open to both sexes is attached. The 
main building is of the pointed gothic style, and contains the Chapel, Lecture 
Rooms, &c. 







THE COLUMBIA INSTITUTION FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB— CHAPEL. 

The large buildingsnear by are the Dormitories, Class-rooms, &c. 

The horse cars from 7th St., E., continue to the E. Boundary of the city. 
Opposite is Craceland Cemetery, and a short distance N. on the Baltimore 
Turnpike, is Mount Olivet, Roman Catholic Cemetery. Wirz, the Ander- 
sonville Prison Keeper, is buried here. Two miles beyond is the Reffln/i 
School, established in 1866, which occupies the site of Ft. Lincoln. The 
touiist may return by the same route or walk to Lincoln Square and thence 
return by the Metropohtan R. R. 

THE ENVIRONS OF WASHINGTON". 



\^ H E immediate vicinity of Washington presents a number of places of in- 
Ml|\\ terest to invite the attention of the tourist, and which, if time permits, 
e->2 should be visited before leaving the City. (See Rates of Public Convey- 
ances.) 

NORTH OF WASHINGTON. 
The regions along the northern boundary of Washington present many ob- 
jects of interest in nature and art. The country, particularly in a north- 
westerly direction, is exceedmgly picturesque. The spurs of the outlying 
foot hills of the Blue Ridge mountains impinge upon the very c nfines of the 
Capital in the picturesque Heights of Georgetown, which are studded with 
many beautiful villas, some dating back to colonial times. The scenery along 
the river road of the Potomac, or along the "conduit" road on the crest of 
the hills is very picturesque. 



soldiers' home FORT STEVENS. 



65 



Leaving West Washington via Georgetown and Tenallytown E. R. R., a 
ride of three miles, through a region beautifully diversified by hill and dale, 
copse and me. dow, brings the tourist o "Oak View," President Grover 
Cleveland's former summer residence, and the site of the proposed Metho- 
dist Univershy. Steps are under way to secure the funds for the erection 
of ihe building^;. Bishop Hurst is the chief promoter of the movement. 

On almost every commanding el vation maybe seen some trace of the 
cordon of forts which formed the defenses of Washington during the War of 
the Rebellion. The map will indicate the most prominent points of interest. 
Soldiers' Home, NationalCemetery, Rock Creek Church, Bright- 
wood, Ft. Stevens, Battle Cemetery, and Mt. Pleasant.— To the Sol- 
diers* Home is the fashionable drive, particularly of a Summer evening. 

Leaving the City by 7th St. to 
Whitney Ave., the ha-ge building 
on the hill on the r., after pass- 
'ng the Boundary, is the Hoivard 
6^«/z'^rj-/(r, incorporated 1867 for 
the education of youth, (colored,) 
irrespective of color or sex. A 
Vormal School is attached. The 
!Vew Reservoir vs, '-^wiX. tdi'^t An- 
other outward route is by New 
Vork Ave. and N. CapilolSt , and 
Lincoln Ave , passing GLmvood 
Cemtteyy, 90 a. beautifully laid 
out, with many fine monuments. 
The Soldiers' Home is for 
Regulars or Volunteers who 
served in the Mexican War, and 
privates in the Regular Army. 
It was founded by an appropria- 
tion of the pillage money levied 
by Gen. Scott on the City of Mexico After entering the grounds, which 
comprise 500 a., may be seen near the buildings the heroic Statue of Gen. 
WiNFiELD Scott, by Launt Thompson, erected in 1874 by the Home, in 
honor of its founder, cost, $18,000. 

After viewing the fine buildings and the " Capitol Vista," leave the grounds 
by the N. gate and visit the National Military Cemetery, containing 
5,424 graves, and the granite Memorial Ch.ipel containing the remains of Gen. 
John A. Logan. Also Rock Creek (St Paul's Episcopal) Church and 
Cemetery, adjoining, the oldest in the District of Columbia, erected 1719, of 
imported bricks, and remodeled in 1868. Thence drive to Brightword, and 
thence to Ft. Stevens, the scene of a severe battle and defeat of a Confed- 
erate force in July, 1864, and the nearest apjiroachof the enemy to Washington, 
A Methodist Church now stands on the site. A short distance beyond is the 
Battle Cemetery where the killed were imerred. > eturn to the City by 
the road leading to the right at Brightwood, -nd passing through JMoiint Pleas- 
ant, one of the N. suburbs, enter W^ashington at 14th St., W The large 
building on the hill at the head of I5lh St., W.. is the IVoyhuid Semniary, 
founded in 1865, by the Baptists, for the education of colored preachers, 

Cabin-John and Chain Bridges, and Little and Great Falls of 
the Potomac. — The round-trip is 30 m. from Rock Creek, Leave West 




HE soldiers' home. 



66 RESERVOIR AQUEDUCT FALLS OF POTOMAC. 



Washington by T (7th) St., to the Conduit Road, The first point, 2 m., is 
the Distributing Reservoir^ 33 a. ; capacity, 300,000,000 galls, elevat'n, 144.' 
Here the mains to the city commence, and here the 9 -ft. cylindrical Conduit 
from the Great Falls of the Potomac terminates. The next point, 2 m., is 
the Receiving Reservoir, capacity, 163,000,000 galls. Resuming the drive on 
the Conduit, 3 m, is Glen Echo, Maryland, and its Chattauqua Amphitheater 
and other buildings and Cabin-John Bridge, the longest arch of ma- 
sonry, 220' with 57>^' rise, in the world. The Bridge is 400' long, cost, 
$237,000. A good dinner may be had at the hotel. The Conduit road 
contmues to the Great Falls of the Potomac, the starting point of the Aque- 
duct, 8 m. distant. The entire delivering capacity of the Reservoir is 80,- 
000,000 gals, in 24 hours, cost $3,500,000. From Cabin-John Bridge, at 
the Distributing Reservoir, take the road to the r. to Chain Bridge, so 
named because the original structure was protected from the violence of 
freshets by chains, and return by the river road along the Chesapeake and 
Ohio Canal and Little Falls of the Potomac, to West Washington. 

Naval Observatory. — One half mile north of Georgetown, take electric 
cars. High street road, Georgetown, near the Tenleytown road, on the line 
of Massachusetts Ave. extended, and on a commanding elevation overlooking 
a vast stretch of city and country, is situated the new Naval Observatory. 
The tract, purchased in 1881, embraces 62 a., cost $72,000. In '87, Con- 
gress appropriated $400,000 for buildings, erected '88-91, viz; main building 
307/^x62', great equatorial house dome with a radius 22^', clock house for 
time service, east and west transit circle houses, 2 observers and prime vertical 
buildings, I boiler house, all New York marble. (Suburban Routes, p. 68.) 
The Rock Creek Park.— This picturesque stretch of ground on both 
sides of Rock Creek, accessible by street cars leading into the extreme N. 
W. section of Washington, begins'on the N. of the blagden Mills road where 
intersected by W. line, i6th St. extended, and comprises 1980 a. or 3 m. 
long, purchased by A. Cong. '90, for $1,200,000. This park will be beauti- 
fied by drives, walks, and other embellishments of the landscape gardener. 
Zoological Park. — This interesting locality, adjacent to the Rock Creek 
Park, and near Woodly Lane, I mile N. W. of Washington, is one of the 
most extensive establishment of the kind in the world. The ground, 166 a., 
was purchased by Cong., 1889, for $176,128. The proper structures are 
being erected and the ground is otherwise being placed in order. (See 
Suburban Routes, Rock Creek (Chevy Chase) E. Ry., p. 68 ) 

The Catholic University, reached by the Eckington and Soldiers' 
Home E. R. R. from 15th and G Streets, or New V^ork Avenus at 7th Street 
N. W., 3 m., occupies a site at the N. terminus of 4th Street E. The granite 
and Potomac blue stone building is spacious. Ring at the main ei trance. 
The room on the right contains some fine paintings, one of Miss Marial 
Cuendalinal Caldwell, whose gift of $300,000 led to the founding of the in 
stitution for theology and philosophy. In the N. hall is a collossal marble 
statue of Pope Leo XIII, by Guiseppe Lucetti, presented by Count Joseph 
Loubat, of New York. Cost, $20,000. Unveiled 1891. The chapel is also 
fine. The building nearby is occupied by the Paulist fathers. The McMahon 
Hall of Philosophy, at right angles to the Divinity building, was the gift ot 
Rev. James McMahon. The basement is Port Deposit granite. The super- 
structure Potomac blue stone trimmed with Woodstock granite. Cost $350,- 
000. Erected 1892-94. Educational chiefly in social sciences. (See Subur- 
ban Routes, p. 68.) 



INSANE ASYLUM CAVALRY BARRACKS— ARLINGTON. 67 



SOUTH OF THE ANACOSTIA RIVER. 
Anacostia and the Government Hospital for the Insane. — This 
trip may be very conveniently made afoot. Take the W. and G. R. R. to the 
Navy Yard, and there get a transfer ticket on the Anacostia and Potomac 
R. R. and cross the Navy Yard Bridge to Anacostia, and within I m. of the 
Asylum. The Government Hospital for the Insane, (visiting days, 
Wednesdays from 2 to 6 p. m., and friends of patients every day except Sun- 
day,) was founded in 1855. The main building, 75o'x20o', occupies a com- 
manding site overlooking the two rivers and the City, and has 550 single 
rooms. The W. wing is for males, and the E. for female patients. There 
are accommodations in all the buildings for 1,000 patients. 




GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE. 

SOUTH OF THE POTOMAC RIVER. 

Ft. Myer, Arlington and National Cemetery. — These places, open 
every day from sunrise to sunset, can be easily reached afoot by those choos- 
ing this means of visiting them, by taking the W. and G. R. R., to the 
Georgetown Aqueduct. There is a fixed charge of $5 for carriages. 

After crossing the Iron Bridge at the Aqueduct, take the militiry road to 
the r. following the army telegi aph line to Ft. Myer, I m. This is the sta- 
tion of the cavalry of the garrison of Washington. Pass through the Fort 
and follow the road leading to the rear gate of the National Cemetery. 
The main drive will lead to Arlington House. This was the home of G. 
W. Parke Custis, the adopted son of Gen. Washington, and later of Robert 
E. Lee, after 1861, Commander of the Confederate Forces in the Rebellion 
of i86i-'5. There are buried here over 16,000 soldiers. In front of the man- 
sion is the grave of General Sheridan. To the north are other officers buried. 
The granite sarcophagus, S. of the mansion, contains the bones of 2,111 un- 
known soldiers. The Superintendent will give further information. From 
the Mansion return to Washington by Long Bridge, or by direct road back 
to West Washington. The latter being nearer. The entire distance by this 
route, is ^^ m. 



6S SUBURBAN RAILWAY ROUTES. 



SUBURBAN RAILWAY ROUTES. 



(Cars start at short intervals. Fare, 5 cents, 6 tickets, 25 cents. All 
tickets good on all roads. ") 

At the N. terminus of the 7th st. br. W. & G. Cable Ry. take the Bright- 
uwod Electric Rzv'y by Brightwood ave. (old 7th st. roadj, through an in- 
teresting country, passing Howard University and Petworth addition, to 
Brightwood 3 m. Beyond on 1. is the Methodist Ch. on the site of Ft. 
S* evens 1 861-5, the battlefield of July, 1864, the cemetery on r , which con- 
tains the killed in that engagement. The cars continue to ihe r. to Takoma 
Park Inn and station on the B. & O R. R. i>^ m. Direct to Dist. line 3 
m. Silver Spring hamlet ^^^ m. beyond. 

From Florida ave. (Boundary) the 14th St. and W. br. of the W. & G. Ca- 
ble Rw'y (see p. 2.) continues north along 14th st., a broad avenue with may 
elegant dwellings, to Mount Pleasant (Park St.), one of the finest suburban 
sections of the Capital. At Kenyon st. a br. of the Brightwood El. Rw'y 
(p. 68) extends from 14th st., W. , to the main line on 7th st. , W. , and the 
Soldiers' Home. 

The Echington and Soldiers' Home El. Ry., from 15th and G. sts., N. W. 
on G, passing Interior Department, Patent Office, City P. O., Pension 
Building. Exchange tickets on ^' Belt " and- Anacostia lines at nth St., to 
5th St., thence N. to New York ave. at Northern Liberty Market and Con- 
vention Hall. Exchange tickets to main Hne from 7th and N. Y. ave., thence 
on N. Y. ave. to city boundary 3^ m,, thence to Eckington. The suburban 
hotel is the ancient Gales mansion. Here a branch line every 25 min. runs 
to Glenwood, St. Mary's and Prospect Hill cemeteries ^ m. The main line 
continues i m. to the grounds of the Cathohc University and to the Hare- 
wood gate to the Soldiers' Home, 100 yds from junction of Harewood and 
Bunker Hill roads. The buildings of the Home are about ^ m. from this 
gate. 

The Rock Creek (Chevy Chase) El. Rwy. Starts at 7th and Boundary 
(Florida ave.) sts. N. W., at the 7th st. br. of the W. &. G. Cable Rwy. and 
extends along M st., intersecting the 9th and 14th st. Roads to i8th st. W., 
thence by i8th to Boundary, thence across High bridge into Connecticut ave. 
extended, passing the gate to the Zoological g rden, through Chevy Chase to 
the terminus at the Baltimore and Ohio R. R. station. The entire route is 
one of interest. 

The Georgetown and Tenalj tozun ^l. Rwy. "Water st. to D. C. line 4 m. 
Take cars at W. and G. Cable Rwy , 32d St., Georgetown. This line follows 
32d or High st., passing High Service reservoir and suburbs of Georgetown. 
At Holy Road cemetery on 1. it follows Wisconsin ave , passing the gate to 
Naval Observatory, Industrial Home School, Tunlaw Heights, President 



SUBURBAN RAILWAY ROUTES. 69 



Cleveland's Summer Home, 1887-89, and lower down the same slope his 
summer retreat, " Woodley," 1893. At the terminus one El. line extends 3>^ 
m. to Glen Echo on the Potomac, another 3 m. to Bethesda Park. Fare each 
5 cents additional. 

At the Navy Yard bridge (continued from page 6), the Washington and 
Anacostia H. R. R. continues along Monroe st. into Nicholls ave. and ter- 
minates within % m. cf the Government Hospital for the Insane. See p. 67. 

The Washington and Arlington EL j^w/, south end of Aqueduct bridge, is 
reached from the Georgetown end of the W. & G Cable Rwy., afoot or in 
conveyance across the Aqueduct bridge. At Rosslyn the road runs through 
Ft. M>er, the cavalry parrison of Washington, to Arlington National ceme- 
tery, with surveys of extension, to connect with the Mount Verron El. Ry. 
at Alexandria, and also bringing the road across the Potomac into George- 
town. 



70 



MOUNT VERNON. 



Mou:^rT YEENOisr. 



S the progress of time renders more remote the events which make the 

life and character of George Washington pre emment in the history of 

the Republic, the interest of Americans and visiting people of all climes 

^[ "^and of all degrees of rank and conditions of hfe in the home and tomb 

of the great patriot deepens and widens. 

Lines of Access. — There are two ways of reaching Mount Vernon, one 

by water, daily, except Sunday, and the other by Steam and Electric R. R., 

or Ferry, hourly, daily, but 
no admission to grounds on 
Sundays (See page 71). 

The Water Route, total dis- 
tance 14 miles, to Mount 
Vernon from Washington is by 
fast and commodious steamer, 
making a daily trip, except 
Sundays, leaving whaif, at the 
foot of 7th street W., at 10 a. 
m.j returning at 2:30 p. m. 
Fare, round trip, 50 cents ; ad- 
mission to grounds, 25 cents. 

On the 1., proceeding down 
the Washington Channel are 
the Washington Barracks (See 
page 49). The vast stretch of 
land on the r is the reclaimed 
marshes of the Potomac. On 
the Virginia hills beyond is 
Arlington (See p. 67), and to 
the r. Ft. Myet (See p. 67). 
To the 1 of Arlington is the 
Fai^fax Episcopal Seminary. 
Reaching the mouth of the 
Anfco^tia, or Eastern Branch 
of the Potomac, on the 1., i 
m. distant, is the U. S. Navy 
Yard and Gun Foundrv (See 
p. 50). On the crest of the hill is the Government Hosp tal for the Insane 
(See p. 67). On the 1 below Giesboro Point are the U. S. Naval Magazines, 
and still below the s. terminus of the Baltimore and Ohio R. R. Opposite is 
the ancient city of Alexandria, the first stop of the steamer (See p. 71). Leav- 
ing Alexandria on the r., n the steps of the Light House at Jones' Point, is 
the initial or corner-stone of the lines of the Federal Territory, planted in 
1 79 1. The stream is Big liunting creek 

The steamer next touches at Ft. Foote, on the Maryland side, once a 
barbette work on the crest of the bluff 1 00 feet above the river and one of 
the cordon of defenses of Washington and Alexandria during the War of the 
Rebellion, abandoned 1878, 




"V?^ 



MOUNT VERNON. 



71 



On the 1. below and opposite Mt. Vernon the steamer touches at Fort 
Washington, a stone casemated work erected 1815-24, and cost $560,000. It 
occupies a site at the mouth of Piscataway, the scene, in 1676, of a massacre 
of Indians by the troops of Maryland and Virginia in retahation for a similar 
outrage upon settlers. In 1794-1811 Fort Warburton, named after the manor 
house built there, the location having been suggested by Washington, was 
blown up and abandoned by the garrison in 1814, upon the advance of the 
British fle t. 

The steamer now heads for the Mt. Vernon landing, 4 m. distant, on the 
Virginia shore. The wharf \^ on the site used by Washington for loading sloops 
with his " George Washington, Mount Vernon" 
brand of flour, ground at his own mills and highly 
esteemed for quality. The pavillion was erected 
in 1891 by the Vice Regent of California. 

The buildings lower down, on the Maryland 
side, are Marshall Hall, an ancient Colonial 
residence, and now a popular summer resort for 
the people of the capital. From the boat the 
visitors wend their way up the ravine. On either 
side are tall forest trees, sweet briar, trailing ar- 
butus and wild flowers. The willows were 
brought from the grave of Napoleon. The great 
Corsician highly admired the character and deeds 
of the foremost American, and announced his 
death to his army in Egypt. The first object of 
interest on the way is the Tomb. 

Tomb of WashingtOxN^— A simple brick 
mortuary structure, erected in conformity with 
Washington's will. It was occupied by the re- 
mains of Washington on April 19, 1831. Through 
the iron screen in the vaulted ante-room, 15 x 12 
feet, may be seen on the r* the plain marble sar- 
cophagus containing all that is left of the mortal 
existence of George vsashington. Urder the 
coat of arms of the U. S , carved in relief on the 
lid is the simple word "Washington " The smaUer marble sarcophagus on 
the 1., inscribed " Martha— Consort of Washington — Died May 21, 1801, 
aged 71 years, tells the solemn story of its occupant. Ihe sarcophagi were 
wrought out of Pennsylvania marble by John Struthers, of Philadelphia, and 
presented by him. The remains of Washington were placed in that simple 
casket October 7, 1837, and those of Mrs. Washington at the same time. The 
inner vault, which contains the remains of about 30 members of the collateral 
branches of the Washington family, was then closed and the key cast into the 
Potomac. 

In the vicinity of the tomb are monuments to collateral members of the 
family. 

In the construction of the Capitol an undercroft and crypt were provided in 
the very centre of the mighty pile for the remains of Washington (See p'ge 
22j. In 1832 a second effort was made by Congress to remove the remains 
of Washington to the Capitol, Mrs. Washington, before her death, having 
given her consent in a letter to the President. The representative of the 
family and the State of Virginia opposed the removal, which was abandoned. 




72 



MOUNT VEkNON. 



The visitors by water are now conducted to other points of interes , else- 
where described. 

All Rail Route. — Take trains at Baltimore and Potomac (Pennsylvania) 
R. R. station, 6th street, one sq. s. of Pennsylvania avenue. Fare, round 
trip, to Mount Vernon, 45c, Time, 2^ hrs., ^ hr. in grounds. 

Take Alexandria Ferry at 7th st. wharf. Fare, round trip, 35c. to Mt. Vernon. 

Mount Vernon Grounds open from 1 1 a. ni. to 4 p. m., week days. Ad- 
mission, 25c. Cars e/ery 20 minutes. 

Distances: Washington, South End Long Bridge, 2.0; Waterloo, 3.1 ; Four- 
Mile Run, 45; W. 6. & W. Junction, 5.1 ; St. Asaph Junction, 5.6; Alex- 
andria, 6.7. 

Trains leave the Washington station for Alexandria almost hourly from 4:30 
a. m. to 11:30 p. m., and the same number return at about equal intervals (see 
time tables and p ablic prints) Along the route on the 1. may be seen the remains 
of the Alexandria br. (incorporated 1830) of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. 

At the Alexandria station excursionists take the cars of the Washington, 
Al-'xandria and Mount Vernon Electric Railway, which depart upon arrival 
of trains from Washington, for Mount Vernon. Fare, loc. each way. 

The city of Alexandria Va., population, 14,339, was an early Colonial seat 
of trade first known as " Hunting Creek Warehouse," then Bellhaven, which, 
in 1 749, was 
placed un- 
der a Board 
of Trustees 
by Colonial 
enactment, 
of which 
later Geo. 
Washing- 
ton was a 
member. 
In 1779 it 
was incor- 
porated and 
named Al- 
exandria. 
In 1789 it 
was ceded 
to the U. S. 
as part of 
the Federal 
Territory. 
On August 
28, 1814, it 
was ran- 
somed from 

the British, and in 1846 it was retroceded to Virginia. Its municipal, religious, 
educational, political, business, masonic and social activity for a period of 45 
years was largely associated with the daily life of George Washington. The 
great patriot voted here fiist in 1754, and last, just before his death, in 1799 

On Washington street is Christ Episcopal Church, built in 1765-83, of im- 
ported bricks, and of which Washington was a vestryman. His pew, No. 59, 




THE MANSION, MOUNT VERNON, (looking toward the river). 



MOUNT VERNON. 



73 



is on 1 of the 1. aisle. Pew No. 46 was occupied by General Robert E. Lee, 
Confederate commander, 1861-5 

In the rear of one of the principal hotels is the " Carey House." the head- 
quarters of General Braddock, where Major George Washington, aid, in 1755, 
made his appeal to the British General in the presence of the Governors of 
Pennsylvania, New York, Massachusetts, Maryland and Virginia to abandon 
European tactics of war and adapt his methods to the nature of the country 
and the enemy, the spurning of which advice, from a Colonial officer, cost 



1. Afansion. 

2. Kitchen 

3. SenoDtaBaa. 

6. Smote Honsr. 

7. tJcifcfe Office. 

8. Gffi3eiieif« Uonse) 
a SaTtHoiBB. 

10. Wesving^ Spinning,. Shoe 
nnd UameBS Making 
Hbuse. 



Fire Proof.. 

ITew Ice House. 

Seivaais ^jmttBcs, 

Gceen Ubuset 

Servants Quariers. 

Wew Green House. 

J 8. 5«e<) Houses. 

Oldlcellinwe. 

Bam, 

Com House, mew.) 

Suinracr House and Vault 

Old Tomb, 

New Tomb, 

Vcgeiable Cfarderu 

JFIowef Garden. 

Lamu 

FroniLaim. Ue 

Momment to J. A. VTsSiir 

ingtont 
Monumeiillo Judge Wflfili- 

jngionaodwife^ 
MoHumenl 1o Mrs. Conrad. 
M"onnmenr loEIeanorParie. 

Lewis, 




of the grounds around the 

MTYERTON MANSION 

m/k (ticnames oWicBuTldings 

/isusalift 

0' WmJiinglorts Jime^ 




Deer Park. 



POTO MA C 



DIAGRAM LOCAIING ALL OBJECTS OF INTEREST. 

Braddock his life and the rout of his troops on the banks of the Monon 
gahela. 

The Marshall (Jaclson) House was the scene of the shooting of Colonel 
Ellsworth, 1 861, by the proprietor, after hoistirg the Union flag upon the oc- 
cupation of the town by his command. In the court of the Mansion 
House, on Fairfax street, stands Washington's headquarters. There is a fine 
City Hall and also other public and historic structures. Near the city is a 
National Cemetery, containing the remains of 3,635 soldiers of the War of the 
Rebellion, 1861-5. 

The W\, A. Mt. V. El. Ry. is lo^ m. long to the Mount Vernon entrance, 
making a speed of 25 to 30 m. an hour, and is substantially built, the track 
and grades being also adapted to steam motors. The deepest cut is 12,000 
cub. yds., 30' deep and fill 8,000 cub. yds., 15' high, x^ll culverts are brick 



74 MOUNT VERNON. 



or iron. There were 900 28' poles, 1,800 7^' ties, 900 tons 50 lb. T. and 55 
lbs. Wharton girder rails, 24 m. (54 tons) copper wire, 33 m. (25 tons) iron 
wire used in construction. The cars are of the latest patterns, heated by elec- 
tricity and propelled by Thomas Houston waterproof motors, 15 or 20 horse 
power each. The power is furnished by 150 H. P. boilers, two 200 H. P. 
engines and 2 Edison Generators, 200 H. P. each, belted direct to engine. 
The contract was awarded June 18, 1892, and road opened Sept. 18, 1892, a 
praiseworthy piece of engineering activity. 

Upon leaving the city Big Hunting creek is crossed by a substantial trestle 
bridge 4,000' long, with a plate girder draw, 100' span, centre pier iron and 
concrete. On the 1., in the distance, at the small Light House, is the " In- 
itial," or comer stone of the District of Columbia, planted with ceremonies 
April 15, 1791. The lines run diagonally, so that each intersecting point at 
10 m. distance stands on one of the four cardinal points of the compass. 
There are fine views of the Potomac along ihe route, a' so some ancient colonial 
and Revolutionary mansions on the Washington and Fairfax estates. 

The group of buildings on the 1. represents the si e where the Land and 
River Improvement Company, of New Alexandria, has laid out a town, and 
erected important industrial establishments. The locality enjoys exceptional 
facilities of river, bay, ocean and railroad transportation for all points at 
home and abroad. 

At Dogue creek the road enters the Washington estate, orginally 7,600 a., 
from the Fairfax estate, 2,700 a., still intact, having been entailed until his 
youngest grandchild became of age. 

Arriving at the entrance to the Mount Vernon mansion grounds, parties 
under the direction of Mr Harrison H. Dodge, Superintendent are taken in 
charge by a member of the resident staff, who will explain all points of 
interest The plan (page 72) will locate all points of interest to strangers. 

The mansion is of wood, 96'x30, and fashioned to resemble stone. Th'i 
center was erected by I>awrence, half-brother to the General, 1743, and 
named after Admiral Vernon, of the British Navy, under whom Lawrence 
Washington served. The wings were added by General Washington, 1784-5. 

The Mount Vernon Lidies' Association of the Union, incorporated 1859, 
purchased the mansion and contiguous grounds, 200 acres, for $200,000, and 
has restored them as in the days of their great proprietor. In 1887 Jay Gould 
contributed the money for the adjoining tract, 33^ acr* s, on the north. 

Within the building the rooms have been assigned to States in the Union, 
and contain relics of the life and period of Washington. See diagram, p. 74. 

1. East Portico, 15' wide, 25' high. The flagging was brought from the 
Isle of Wight, England. Une view of the Potomac. 2 miles wide. 

2. Main Door, 200' above the river 

3. Main Hall. Key of the French Bastile presented to W., 1789, by 
Lafayette; 3 swords of W., one worn at Braddock's defeat; W.'s hall table; 
objects of general interest. 

4. iVlusic Room. W. relics: silver-mounted rosewood Hute; harpsi chord, 
from London, cost $1,000; W. bridal present to "NelUe" Custis, his adopted 
daughter; guitar, or citra; whist table. 

5. West Parlor. Stucco restored as in the life of W., and some of the an- 
cient furnishings preserved. The painting was presented to Lawrence W ash- 
ington by his chief. Admiral Vernon, 1741. 

6. Ptont Door. The great brass knocker and boot-scrapers suggest mem- 
ories of distinguished guests in the days of W. 



MOUNT VERNON. 



75 



7. Stairway, The clock is of the Continental period in New York. 

8. Family Dining-R 'om. Restored as in days of W., arabesque and tints. 
Sideboard belonged to W. The china is a reproduction of set presented to 
Mrs. W. by the officers of the French fleet in 1792. 

9. Sitting Room. Used by Mrs. W., formerly the library. 

10. Banquet Hall. Completed in 1784; finished in stucco in the Colonial 
style. The Carrava and Sienna marble mantle is attributed to Cari^ava, carved 
in Italy, and presented to W. by an English admirer. On its way over it was 
captured by French pirates, but was restored when it was discovered that it 
was for W. The equestrian portrait, "Washington before Yorktown," by 
Rembrant Peale, was presented by the heirs of the artist to the Mount Vernon 
Association in 1873. The associated portraits are Hamilton, Lafayette, Knox, 
Lincoln and Rochambeau. The frame is from a tree from the home of Robert 
Morris. This room is full of objects of interest associated with the life and 
times of Washington, notably Washington's rose-china punch-bowl, pciv 
foot bench and surveyor's tripod. 




THE MOUNT VERNON MANSION INTERIOR (ground floor). 

11. Staii-way. To W,'s bedroom, and where he died. 

12. Library. Furniture and volumes belonged to W. Here W. received, 
April 14, 1789, official notification of election as President of the U. S. 

13. Doorway. To family kitchens. 

14. Pantry. 

15. Library Porch. View of the ancient stable and lawn sweeping towards 
the old and new vaults. 

16. Steps to Cellar. The substruction of the mansion is very interesting, 
especially an ancient tablet and dry-well for storage, with oak coping. 

17. Door and semi-CTCular colonnade to banquet kitchen and offices. 

18. Semi-circular Colonnade. To family kitchen and servants' quarters. 



76 



Mount vernon. 




MOUNT VERNON INTERIOR (second floor). 

1. Hall. 

2. Lafayette Room. Occupied by the Marquis when visiting W., and dur- 
ing hs second visit, 1824-5. 

3. Riner Room. Guest chamber in the time of W, The bed was used by 
W. while on his march to Valley Forge, 1777-8, The chair he used in the 
Executive mansion at Phila. 

4. Space over Banquet Hall. 5. Stairway. To attic. 

6. Guest Chamber. Furnished in the style of the Revolution. 

7. Green Room On the bed John Custis, Mrs. W.'s only son, died. 

8. '■'■Nellie'''^ Eleanor Custis^ Room The stand and chairs belonged to 
Charles Carroll, the signer of the Declaration of Independence. 

9. Hall and Sta rivay. To first floor and attic. 

10. Washington's Study and Bedstead. All articles in this room were used 
by Gen. W., and on the bed, Dec. 14, 1799, between ii and 12 p. m., he gave 
up the spirit- The arm chair was Mrs W.'s favorite seat. The ancient 
trunk, "1775" "G. W.," was Gen. W.'s C3ach trunk. 




MOUNT VERNON INTERIOR (attic floor). 

I. Attic Hall: 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, dormer-windowed attic bed rooms, famished 
with articles from the Revolutionai-y period. 5. Linen closet. 

8. Mrs. Washington's Bedroom. Used by Mrs. W, from the day of the 
death of her husband until her own death, May 22, 1802. The mahogany 
toilet stand was used by Mrs, W. The rest of the furnishings and hangings 
are exact reproductions of the apartment when Mrs W. occupied it and sat by 
the s. window, gazing out upon the tomb of her husband, and until she joined 
him 18 months after. 9, Staifivay to 2d Floor. 

10. Stainoay to Cupola. Grand view of surrounding country and entire 
estate, 

II. Private Stairway. Between Gen. and Mrs. \^ ashington's apartments 
and to the first floor. 



MOUNT VERNON. 77 



On the way from the tomb to the mansion is the rude vault, in which the 
remains of Gen W. rested 1799-1831, and Mrs. W. 1801-31. The vault was 
invaded and a skull taken, which, however, was not that of W. 

Nearer the mansion is the commodinus barn erected 1733 by Lawrence W., 
from whom George W. inherited the estate. The bricks were brought from 
England. 

The Deer Park across the lawn and sweeping down to the rivers bank was. 
restored in 1887, at a cost of $3,300, as it existed in the time of W. It con- 
tains a herd of fine deer. 

On the west front of the mansion is the lawn and drive extending to the 
public road. 

The other exterior objects of interest are located in the ground plan on 
p. 72. 

On the W. lawn is the magnolia grandeflora, brought by Washington from 
the James river and planted in 1799, just before he died. 

The sun d al was restored in 1888 on its original location by citizens of 
Rhode Island. 

The gardens and conservatory are also interesting. 

It is a remarkable fact that Mount Vernon escaped the ravages of the Royal 
Governor of Va. during the outbreak of the War of the Revolution, when his 
forces came within a {Q\y miles. Again escaped in 1814 when the British fleet, 
un er Commodore Gordan, ascended ihe river lo Alexandria, when it is said 
the Commodore ordered the bell on his flagship, the Sea Horse, to toll as he 
passed the mansion, and again, during the War of the Rebellion 1861-5, when 
accident, if not design, might have given it over to the flames. Soldiers of 
both armies visited the tomb, but never entered the sacred precints with arms 
ih their hands, these weapons of fratricidal strife bting left at the Porter's 
Lodge. 

The maintenance of Monnt Vernon is from the entrance fee of 25 cents and 
the sale of photographs, plants, flowers, &c. 

The Pohick or Parish church, of Mt. Vernon, where Washington was a 
warden, is 6 m. distant. 

The old estate of Woodlawn, 3^ m. from Mount Vernon, was purchased 
in 1892 by the syndicate operating the W. A. and M. V. E. R. It is their 
purpose to improve the premises and convert it into a summer resort. 

MOUNT VERNON AVENUE. 

A movement is on foot to build a memorial highway, 200 feet wide, from 
the Nation's Capital, beginning at the proposed Memorial Bridge, at the foot 
of New York Avenue, or the New Iron Bridge, West Washington, to the 
home and tomb of Washington, a distance of 14 miles. In 1888, the Virginia 
Legislature granted articles of incorporation and gave the corporation the 
privilege to ask the return of the $120,000 granted by the State of Virginia 
in 1790 for the erection of public buildings in the Federal city, in considera- 
tion of its location on the Potomac, and to be used in carrying out the work. 

The roadway is to be 60' width 70' on either side for parking and orna- 
mentation. The points of interest along the route would be, Arlington 
House, National Cemetery, Alexandria, to Mount Vernon, making a drive 
of 2% hours. Returning to Alexandria take the ferry back to Washington. 



78 DIRECTORY FOR STRANGERS. 



GENERAL INFORMATION. 

RAILROADS: The traveling public have every facility for reaching every 
part of the United States by railroad from Washington. 

Pennsylvania Route: Charles E. Pugh, General Manager; J- R.Wood, 
General Passenger Agent; George W. Boyd, Assistant General Passenger 
Agent, Philadelphia; Robert A. Parke, Passenger Agent, South Eastern 
District, Washington, D. C. 

Leave Washington, from station, cor. Sixth and B Sts, as follows : 

Pittsburg and the V\ est, Chicago Limited Express of Pullman Vestibuled 
Cars, daily, Fai-tLine, daily, to Chicago, Columbus and St. Louis, vi'ith par- 
lor car Ilarrisburg to Pittsburg, and sleeping cars Pittsburg to Indianapolis, 
Pittsburg to Columbus, Altoona to Chicago. St. Louis and Cincinnati Ex- 
press, daily. Parlor car Washington to Ilarrisburg, sleeping cars Harris- 
burg to St. Louis and Cincinnati, and dining car Harrisl^urg to St. Louis. 
Columbian Express, daily. Buffet parlor car Washington to Harrisburg and 
sleeping and dining cars Harrisburg to Chicago. Western Express, daily, 
sleeping cars Washington to Chicago and St. Louis, connecting daily at Har- 
risburg with sleepers Louisville and Memphis. Pullman dining cars Pitts- 
burg to Richmond and Chicago. Pacific Express, daily, for Pittsburg and 
the west, with sleeper to Pittsburg, and Pittsburg to Chicago. 

For Erie, Canandaigua, Rochester, Buffalo, Niagara, daily, withsleepingcar. 

For New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, and the East, daily, and almost 
hourly. Limited Pullmnn vestibule parlor cars, vestibule passenger coaches 
and dining cars, 9 40 a. m. week days. 

Congressional Limited, with dining car from Baltimore for New York, 4 
p.m., daily; for Philadelphia, week days only. Extra charge. Boston, 
without change, daily. 

For Richmond and the South, twice daily. 

The New York and Chicago Limited embraces vestibule sleeping, dining, 
drawing-room and smoking room cars, the most superb and luxurious railway 
coaches ever built. Meals are served from bills of fare. Extra fare tickets 
to be had at station. Tickets and information in public prints and at the of- 
fice, 13th St. and Pa. Ave., and at station, where orders left for checking 
baggage to destination. 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad: J. T. Odell, Gen. Manager; Chas. 
O. Scull, Gen. Passenger Agent Trains, Vestibuled, Limited, daily for 
Chicago, and North West, Cincinnati, St. Louis, Indianapolis, Pittsburg and 
Cleveland. Roanoke, Knoxville, Chattanooga and Memphis, sleeping 'car 
through. 

Royal Blue Line for New York and Philadelphia. Sleeping cars at night. 
Buffet cars day. Boston, daily, with Pullman Buffet sleeping car, to Boston 
without change, via. Poughkeepsie Bridge, landing passengers in B. & M. 
station at Boston* See public advertisements for trains. Baggage called for 
and checked, orders left at ticket offices, 619 and 135 1 Pa. Ave. and at depot. 

Chesapeake and Ohio Railway: Union Depot 6 and B St. N. W. 
Pennsylvania station. Cincinnati Fast Line. dai[y, without change. The 
F. F. V. Vestibule Limited, daily, Cincinrati and for all points northwest and 
southwest. Daily, Old Point Comfort and Norfolk only rail line. See public 
prints for schedules, or Pulman tickets and information, 513 and 1421 Pa. 
Ave. H. W. Fuller, General Passenger Agent. 



DIRECTORY FOR STRANGERS. 



79 



Richmond and Danville Railroad: Union Depot 6 and B St. N. W. 
Pennsylvania station, Lynchburg, Ashville, Atlanta, New Orleans, Texas, 
and California, daily; Western Express and Washington and Atlanta; Mem- 
phis, daily; Southern Express. (See public prints for time tables. ) 

STEAMERS : For Mount Vernon: The fully equipped steamer, Charles 
McAlester leaves Seventh street wharf daily (except Sunday) for Mt; Vernon, 
at lo a. m. return 3 p. m. Round trip, $I, including admission to the man- 
sion and grounds. Cafe on steamer. Capt. L. L. Blake, Commanding 
Charles McAlester. 

MARSHALL HALL.— Sunday trips, 11 a m. and 2.30 p. m. Round 
trip, 25 cents. One and three-quarter hours for dinner. Dinner, 75 cents. 
Joseph C. McKibben, Manager. 

From Washington and West Washington at stated intervals for points on 
the Potomac river, Chesapeake bay to Baltimore and Norfolk and Ocean lines 
to Philadelphia. New York and Boston. (See public prints for departure.) 

VEHICLES FOR HIRE: The rates of fare established by law, for the 
vehicles mentioned, in the District of Columbia are: 



Hacks. 


5 a. m 
12.30a 


. to 
.m. 


12.30a 

to 5 a 


.m. 
m. 


By the hour. 

For one passenger or two passengers, for the first hour 

For each additional quarter of an hour or part thereof 

Provided, That for multiples of one hour the charge 

shall be at the rate per hour of . . 


$0 

I 

I 


75 
20 

75 
00 

25 

GO 

25 
10 

25 


$1 

I 

I 

I 


00 

25 

00 


For three or four passengers, for the first hour 

For each additional quarter of an hrur or part thereof 
Provided, That for multiples of one hour the charge 
shall be at the rate per hour of . 


25 
35 

25 

40 
15 

40 


By the trip. 
By the trip of fifteen squares or less, for each passenger 

For each addi'ional five squares or part thereof 

Provided, That fo multiples of fifteen squares the 
charge shall be at the rate, for each fifteen squares, of 



Two horse hacks, for four persons, may charge $1 50 for the first hour and 
25 cents for each extra quarter hour. If dismissed outside the city 25 cents 
additional. In case of an over charge complain police station. 

The usual rates for special excursions in the vicinity of the city are : 

To Arlington, $5; Soldiers' Home, $5; Brightwood, $5; or both $8. 
Insane Asylum, $5; Cabin John Bridge, $10; Great Falls of the Potomac, 
$20. Large excursions special rates by agreement. 

PLACES OF AMUSEMENT: Albaugh's Opera House, Plfteenth st., 
south of Pf^nna. Ave. 

Lincoln Music Hall, D and Ninth sts., N. W. New National Theater, E, 
between Thirteenth and Fourteenth sts. 

SOCIETIFS: Grand Army of the Republic; Hall, Penna Ave., between 
Fourteenth and Fifteeenth. Masonic Temple, corner Ninth and F sts., N. 
W. Odd Fellows' Hall, Seventh st. W., between D and E North. Young 
Men's Christian Association, 14 New York avenue. 



So DIRECTORY FOR STRANGERS. 



CLUBS: Army and Navy, I Conn. Ave. Capital Bicycle, Fifteenth, be- 
tween D and E sts. Cosmos, (literary and scientific,) H and Fifteen and-a- 
half sts. Metropolitan, H and Seventeenth sts. 

CHURCHES: The following are the representative places of worship. 
The hours of services are usually ii A. M. and 7.30 p. M. 

Baptist: Calvary, H and Eighth sts. 

Christian (Disciples of Christ): Vermont ave., between N and O sts. 

Congregational: First, G and Tenth sts. 

Episcopal, Protestant: Epiphany, G, bet Thirteenth and Fourteenth 
sts. St, John's, Sixteenth and H sts. 

Friend's Society (Hicksite): Meetinghouse, I, between i8th and 19th sts. 

German Reformed: First, Sixth and N sts., German Sunday morning. 

Hebrew: Washington Congregation, Eighth, between H and I sts. Fri- 
days sundown. Sabbath (Saturdays) 9 A. M. 

Independent: The Tabernacle, Ninth, between B and C sts., S. W. 

Lutheran : Concordia, Twentieth and G sts. The oldest congregation in 
Washington, organized in Funkstown, 1768. Memorial, Fourteenth 
St. and Vermont ave. 

Methodist Episcopal: Foundry, G and Fourteenth st. Metropolitan, 
C and Four-and-a-half sts. Mount Vernon Place, (South,) K and Ninth sts. 

Methodist, Protestant : Twelfth and M sts. 

Presbyterian: Covenant, Connecticut ave., N and Eighteenth sts. 
First, (President's,) Four-and-a-half, between C and D sts 
New York Avenue, H, between Thirteenth and Fourteenth sts. 

Roman Catholic: St. Aloysius, N. Capitol and Q sts. 
St. Matthew's, Fifteenth and H sts. 

SwEDENBOEGiAN: ls ew Jerusalem, North Capitol, between B and C sts. 

Unitarian: Church of All Souls, L and Fourteenth sts. 

Universalist: Church of our Father, L and Thirteenth sts. 

HO 1 ELS : Among the many fine hotels ol the capital are the Arlington, 
Vermont Ave. bet. H and I Sts. $4 and $5 a day 345 rooms. 

Arno, i6th bet. I and K Sts. I5 a day. 165 room^. 

Chamberlains, cor. 15th and I Sts. European for gentlemen. 

Cochran, cor. K and 14th sts. European, $2 upwards. American, $5 
a day. 154100ms. 

Ebbitt, cor. F and 14th Sts. $4 a day. 250 rooms. 

LaNormandie, I and 15th Sts. $2 and upwards a day. 130 rooms. 

Metropolitan, Pa. Ave. bet, 6th and 7th Sts. $3 to $4 a day. 200 room. 

National, cor. Pa. Ave. and 6th St. A^^ $2 50, E rooms $1 and up- 
ward a day. 350 rooms. 

Portland, Vermont av. and 14 st. 39 suites by the year. $950 to $1,800. 

Richmond, cor. H and 17th sts. Suites by the year $950 to $1800. 

RiGGs, cor, 15th and G sts. $4 and $5 aday. 191 rooms. 

SnOREHANjCor. 15 and I sts* $5 aday. 350 rooms. 

St. James, cor. Pa. Ave. and 6th St. N. W. Rooms $1 to $1 50 a day. 
150 rooms, 

Welkers, 15 bet N. Y. Ave. and H St. European. 

Willards, Pa. Ave. and 14 st. $3 50 to $4 50 per day. 300 rooms. 

Wormley's, cor. 15 and H sts. 

There are many other desirable hotels and apartment houses and also 
boarding houses at reasonable rates, among them the Hamilton, Randall, 
Oxford, Ellsmere, Stafford, Strathmore Arms, &c. 



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